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Krk Cathedral

The Krk Cathedral or fully Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a cathedral in the town of Krk on the northern Adriatic island of Krk, Croatia. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Krk. The church was built in the 5th or 6th century but archeological evidence suggests that the site was used by Christians as early as 4th century. The cathedral is located beneath the Krk town hill. The first documented mention of the church dates from 1186. It is a three-nave early Christian basilica which is part of a larger complex, along with the Romanesque Church of Saint Quirinus, a bell tower, the Chapel of Saint Barbara, an early Christian baptistry and an apse. As common with other churches from the same period, it is oriented east/west, with its façade facing a street which goes through the town of Krk in the north/south direction. The church is 40 meters long and interior width is 14.5 m . During several archeological excavations between 1956 and 1963 led by Andro Mohorovičić the ruins of an ancient Roman thermae dating from 1st century were discovered. Remains of a hypocaust and a tepidarium with a preserved mosaic floor tiling were uncovered. Large mosaic pieces worn out of people walking over them were found, which suggest that the site may have been used for Christian masses as early as the 4th century, before the cathedral was built. According to historical records right next to the former tepidarium a Chapel of Saint John the Baptist with a baptismal font was later built, which stood there until 1565. This implies that one of the pools of the thermae has been converted into a baptistry. Beneath the floor of the present-day Chapel of the Holy Heart of Jesus a barrel-like piscina for baptismal water was also found. The cathedrals present-day Romanesque design was created in the 11th and 12th century, around at the same time when its existence was first documented in 1186. Above the fourth interior capital there is an inscription dedicating the church to Virgin Mary, as it marks the place where the early Christian basilica used to end. This was confirmed by excavations in which foundations of the wall which closed the original basilica were found. Out of the two present-day rows of columns, the seven columns closer to the altar were originally within the old basilica. These columns were built out of stone and are not connected to capitels. Out of the total 14 columns, 12 of them feature Corinthian capitels, one is Classical and the one in the northern row closest to the altar features relief depictions of early Christian eucharist symbols, showing a fish being eaten by two birds . Based on this and the ground plan of the basilica, Mohorović dated the time its construction to the latter half of the 5th century or some time in the early 6th century. Over the course of centuries several chapels with altars were added next to the side walls of the church. Around 1450 John VII Frankopan had ordered construction of the Chapel of Saint Barbara, which has House of Frankopan coats of arms on its ceiling. In 1500 two Renaissance-style ambons were built, in 1538 the apse was extended, and then again in 1700 when the space for an organ and a choir was added. The sacristy is equipped with walnut wood furniture; a cupboard which covers the sacristy wall was made between 1697 and 1698, the 13 benches for canon were made in 1699 and a bishops throne was added in 1717. In addition to the cathedral the complex contains the Church of Saint Quirinus, the only early Christian two-story church in Croatia. The Romanesque-style church was built in front of the cathedral, out of locally mined white stone. Because of lack of space its apses face southwards and it features three semicircular apses with romanesque arcades on top. There is also the Church of Saint Margaret, dedicated to Margaret of Antioch, and a bell tower. As early Christian churches did not have bell towers, a wooden tower was added behind the sacristy at a later date. Since there was very little building space left by then, it was constructed right in front of the Church of Saint Quirinus in 1515. In 1765 it underwent a thorough restoration, and the upper part was redesigned. As part of the restoration a sculpture of an angel made in Venice was installed on top. Since then the bell tower was renovated several times, last time in 1973 when the present-day plastic angel replaced the original copper-coated wooden sculpture.

Drivenik Castle

Drivenik Castle is a castle in the hinterland of Crikvenica and Novi Vinodolski, in the northern part of the Adriatic coast, western Croatia. The castle of Drivenik is first mentioned in 1228 as one of the co-signers of the Vinodol Code. It is located near the village of Drivenik in the Vinodol region, on a high point named "Glavica" . The castle sits in front of the mountain range called ‘Križišće’ opposite Tribaljsko polje . It is located in a small village of Drivenik, near a larger village of Tribalj, around 8 km away from Crikvenica. From the 13th century the castle was the seat of the district administration, and upon the arrival of the Frankopans, their deputy Dragoljub resided there in 1288. In the 16th century the castle was expanded in size and in the style of Renaissance fortresses it received round towers on its corners. Then in 1577, the castle was ruled by the noble family Zrinski. The construction of the road in 1746 linked Drivenik to Novi Vinodolski and Bakar. This allowed the inhabitants to move from the hilltop down into the valley where present day Drivenik village developed along the roadway. Ultimately the castle was abandoned as an active settlement, only the church of Sveti Dujam and its cemetery remained as active properties. Near the castle is the chapel of St. Stephen, built probably at the end of the 16th century with its tower containing three bells. The church has three building phases: Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque. The church originally contained a late Gothic period Pieta sculpture titled the "Mourning of Christ" and a Baroque period wood carved "Golden Altar". Today both are in the Museum of Art and Crafts in Zagreb. The chapel of St. Martin is situated at the cemetery. It has Baroque frescoes dating from the 18th century. On its wall is a fresco "Taken down from the Cross". There is the Way of the Cross with four shrines near the cemetery and at its end Calvary is marked with three high crosses dating from 1768. The cemetery also contains a monument to fallen fighters from World War II. The parish church of Sveti Dujam contains three naves and a bell-tower in the front. Originally it was built with one nave, without the open bell-tower. Sveti Dujam’s bell tower was built in 1806 and the entrance beneath the bell tower was constructed in 1846. The sanctuary was decorated by Anton Cej in 1894 when the main marble altar was constructed. The church floor contains burial vaults with the remains of a prominent local family Klarić . The church underwent partial restoration in 1968. In the nearby town of Drivenik, a monument has been erected to the famous Croatian miniaturist J.J. Klović .

Čikat

Čikat is a cove on the island of Lošinj and a part of the town of Mali Lošinj. It stretches from the St. Nicholas church on the south to hotel Kredo on the north. On the west lies the sea, while the eastern end borders with town center of Mali Lošinj. This makes the cove a perfect choice for a harbor, as it is protected from all but the western winds. In 1534. the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary church was built, often called the Annunziata, it was later expanded in 1858. It is located on a cape from which local sailboats were greeted on their entrance to the harbor, so even today local captains sound the horn while passing by the cape. Čikat is also a spa projected by dr. Alfred Edler von Manussi-Montesole, an Austrian architect. Besides him, both Leopold Ritter von Schrotter and Conrad Clar shaped the todays look of the area, and there are also promenades named after all of them. In the past even three shipyards were located in the Čikat cove. Today this area is the site of many villas which were owned by Austrian nobles, while now those villas are turned into hotels and residencies, of which the most well known are Karolina, Diana, Saborka and hotel Kredo. Majority of the hotels on the island are located in this area. There is also a camping ground covered with the forest in the cove with the same name. Local nautical school professor Ambroz Haračić devoted most of his life to studying local flora and fauna and helped foresting the cove. For his efforts, a statue was erected on the south part of the cove. Čikat is also a sports center, with waterpolo, diving and sailing clubs, tennis courts, local football club and more.

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