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Top Attractions in Cluj

Cluj-Napoca

Cluj-Napoca , commonly known as Cluj, is the second most populous city in Romania, after the national capital Bucharest, and the seat of Cluj County in the northwestern part of the country. Geographically, it is roughly equidistant from Bucharest (324 kilometres (201 miles)), Budapest (351 km (218 mi)) and Belgrade (322 km (200 mi)). Located in the Someșul Mic River valley, the city is considered the unofficial capital to the historical province of Transylvania. From 1790 to 1848 and from 1861 to 1867, it was the official capital of the Grand Principality of Transylvania. As of 2011, 324,576 inhabitants live within the city limits, marking a slight increase from the figure recorded at the 2002 census. The Cluj-Napoca metropolitan area has a population of 411,379 people, while the population of the peri-urban area exceeds 420,000 residents. The new metropolitan government of Cluj-Napoca became operational in December 2008. According to a 2007 estimate provided by the County Population Register Service, the city hosts a visible population of students and other non-residents—an average of over 20,000 people each year during 2004-2007. The city spreads out from St. Michael's Church in Unirii Square, built in the 14th century and named after the Archangel Michael, the patron saint of Cluj-Napoca. The boundaries of the municipality contain an area of 179.52 square kilometres (69.31 sq mi). An analysis undertaken by the real estate agency Profesional Casa indicates that, because of infrastructure development, communes such as Feleacu, Vâlcele, Mărtinești, Jucu and Baciu will eventually become neighbourhoods of the city, thereby enlarging its area. Cluj-Napoca experienced a decade of decline during the 1990s, its international reputation suffering from the policies of its mayor at the time, Gheorghe Funar. Today, the city is one of the most important academic, cultural, industrial and business centres in Romania. Among other institutions, it hosts the country's largest university, Babeș-Bolyai University, with its famous botanical garden; nationally renowned cultural institutions; as well as the largest Romanian-owned commercial bank. As of 2015, Cluj-Napoca is European Youth Capital.

Unirii Square

Piaţa Unirii is the largest and most important plaza in the Romanian city of Cluj-Napoca. The square is one of the largest in Romania, with dimensions of 220 m by 160 m. The centre of the city spreads out from this square. The St. Michaels Church, with the highest church tower in Romania, is the second largest Gothic-style church in Romania. The church was constructed in two phases. The first from 1316 to 1390 and the second from 1410 to 1487. Also, the statue of King of Hungary Matthias Corvinus is located here. The old town hall, the National Museum of Art, the Josika Palace, and the Rhédey palace can also be found here. Apart from the medieval buildings, there are also Roman and Dacian ruins under the square, partially visible thanks to a glass screen in the plaza. The Unirii Square was originally called Nagypiac in Hungarian, meaning "Big Market Square", as opposed to the Kispiac, which is now the Museum Square.

Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden

The Cluj-Napoca Botanical Garden, officially Alexandru Borza Cluj-Napoca University Botanic Garden, is a botanical garden located in the south part of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It was founded in 1872 by Brassai Samuel. Its director in 1905 was Aladár Richter, than Páter Béla, Győrffy István and than overtaken 1920 by the local university, and by Alexandru Borza. In addition to its role as a tourist destination, the garden also serves as a teaching and research center as part of the Babeș-Bolyai University. In 2010, the Romanian Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony categorized it as a historical monument. The garden is over 14 hectares in area, with over 10,000 plants from throughout the world. It is divided into ornamental, phytogeographic, systematic, economic, and medicinal sections. Romanian flora and vegetation are represented by plants from the Transylvanian plains, the Carpathian Mountains, Banat, etc. Among the Botanical Gardens interesting attractions are the Japanese Garden, the Roman Garden with archeological remains from the Roman colony of Napoca, among them a statue of Ceres, goddess of cereals and bread, alongside cultivated plants that dominate contemporary Romanian agriculture. Jablonovszki Elemér was its head gardener for 45 years.

Cluj-Napoca City Hall

Cluj-Napoca City Hall, located at 3 Moților Street, is the seat of government for Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Built at the end of the 19th century after the plans of architect Ignác Alpár, it features a Viennese baroque facade with a corner clock tower. Affixed to the tower was the seal of Kolozs County, of which the city was the seat when it was part of Austria-Hungary before 1918, as the building initially housed the countys headquarters. The building was erected according to the citys 1798 development plan, whereby every new building had to be approved by the city council. During its days as county headquarters, the building served multiple purposes–as a political, administrative and fiscal centre. At the same time, the large halls hosted exhibitions of both established and younger artists, and, starting at the turn of the 20th century, the citys balls. The building is classified as a historic monument by the Ministry of Culture and National Patrimony.

National Museum of Transylvanian History

The National Museum of Transylvanian History is a history and archaeology museum in the city of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It features a permanent exhibition, as well as temporary exhibitions, the "Tezaur" exhibition, and Pharmacy Historical collection—this last opened in the Hintz House, an historical building in the citys center. The beginnings of the museum date back to 1859 with the foundation of the Society of the Transylvanian Museum, featuring collections of antiquities and botanical, zoological and mineralogical specimens. In 1929 the collection of artefacts was transferred to the Romanian Institute of Classical Studies. After several further movements, caused by lack of space, the collection was reopened in 1937 at its current site in Piaţa Muzeului, in the center of Cluj-Napoca.

Cluj-Napoca Unitarian Church

The Cluj-Napoca Unitarian Church, located at 21 December 1989 Street #9, is a Unitarian church in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Built in a late Baroque style between 1792 and 1796, according to the plans of Anton Türk, the apse is semicircular and the vestibule faces south. A two-story spire with an onion-shaped roof dominates the facade. The upper parts of the facade are somber compared to the lower, which features tall niches between the pilasters. The central niche contains the portal, topped by an ellipse-shaped window, a small and amply sculpted balcony and another window in the shape of an arch segment. The pilasters have Doric and Ionic capitals, while the Neoclassical stucco decor includes sculpted shells, garlands and grape bunches. The church is listed as a historic monument by Romanias Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.

St. Michael's Church

The Church of Saint Michael is a Gothic-style Roman Catholic church in Cluj-Napoca. It is the second largest church in the geographical region of Transylvania, Romania. The nave is 50 meters long and 24 meters wide, the apse is 20×10 m. The tower with its height of 76 meter is the highest one in Transylvania. The western portal is decorated with the three coats of arms of Sigismund as King of Hungary, as King of Bohemia and as Holy Roman Emperor. The construction was begun probably in place of the Saint James Chapel. The financing of the church was partly done by the citizens, partly from the income of indulgences. The construction was completed between 1442-1447, the old tower was built between 1511-1545. The tower that stands today was erected in 1862. The church was converted with the population to Protestantism between 1545-1566. Then the more radical Unitarian patry took it over in the period 1566-1716. At last, it was confiscated in the counter reformation by the Habsburg government supported Catholic Church. The oldest of its sections is the altar, inaugurated in 1390, while the newest part is the clock tower, which was built in Gothic Revival style . Some important historical events that took place in the church: 26 July 1551: Queen Isabella of Hungary gives the Hungarian Crown to General Castaldo, the deputy of Ferdinand I., and cedes with that Hungary and Transylvania 23 October 1556: Queen Isabella returns and takes back the reign of Transylvania, in the name of her son, the child John II Sigismund Zápolya 27 March 1601: the third investiture of Sigismund Báthory as Prince of Transylvania 12 February 1607: election of Sigismund Rákóczi as Prince of Transylvania 7 March 1608: election of Gabriel Báthory as Prince of Transylvania 13 October 1613: election of Gabriel Bethlen as Prince of Transylvania 18 May 1944: the speech of Áron Márton, bishop of the Roman Catholic Church in Transylvania in which he strongly condemned the deportation of Jews.

Stadionul Ion Moina

The new stadium construction was completed in 2012. Ion Moina Stadium was a multi-use stadium in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It was used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of U Cluj. The stadium held 28,000 people and was inaugurated in 1911. The first football and athletics stadium in Cluj-Napoca was built between 1908 and 1911. It had wooden stands and had a capacity of 1,500 people. The official inauguration in 1911 was done by organizing a game between Cluj and Galatasaray Istanbul. It was the first game in Europe for Galatasaray, and Cluj won 8–1. In 1961, new stands were built and the capacity of the stadium became 28,000 on wooden benches, while the old stands were moved to Câmpia Turzii. The 1961 stands have a U-shaped appearance, as the name of the team that uses it. The stadium is named after Ion Moina, the fastest sprinter in Europe in 1948. On November 20, 2008, the demolition process began, and was planned to be finished in the spring of 2009. The construction of the new stadium began in the summer of 2009 and will last until October 2011. It will be a modern stadium, with a capacity of 30,000 people. The plans also are to organize a UEFA Cup or UEFA Champions League final in the years that will follow. American R&B star Beyonce performed for the first time in the country in here on October 22, 2007 during her The Beyoncé Experience. On November 22, 2008, was played the last official match on the stadium, against Mureşul Deva, which finished 0–0.
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