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Geguti

Geguti is a Georgian medieval royal palace, now in ruins, at the omonymous village, 7 km south of the city of Kutaisi, Georgia. The ruins of the Geguti palace complex occupy the area of over 2,000 m2 along the Rioni River. An extensive fieldwork between 1953 and 1956 allowed the specialists to stratify the principal archaeological layers and reconstruct the architectural form and decoration of the medieval edifices bulk of which dates to the 12th century, the period when the first written mention of Geguti appears in the Georgian Chronicle. The earliest structure – a plain, one-room building with a large fireplace – dates back to the 8th/9th century. A principal part of the royal complex, commissioned by King George III of Georgia is a four-tier brick edifice built onto a three-metre high stone plinth, with its spacious, cruciform central hall surmounted by a dome 14 m in diameter resting on squinches. The entire building is walled and fortified with massive pillars. Westerly located additional structures and a palace church are of a later period, dating to the 13th/14th century. The importance of the ruins of the Geguti palace is emphasized by its largely secular nature as most of the surviving monuments of medieval Georgian architecture are churches and monasteries. Records of medieval secular patronage exist in the Georgian written sources, although only the shells of castles and the ruins of Geguti survive to testify the extent of the work produced. The main complex of the Geguti royal palace was constructed during what is considered to be medieval Georgia's "golden age". Although the Georgian court was quite mobile, the establishment of a royal palace of this scale near the kingdom’s second capital and a major cultural center can be understood as the desire to establish a more settled, regal court, and royal bureaucracy which, indeed, reached its climax under the queen regnant Tamar . The Geguti palace frequently features in the Georgian annals as a beloved place of rest of the Georgian royalty. In the reign of Tamar, it was the place where her former husband, Prince Yuri Bogolyubsky, was crowned by the rebellious nobles during an abortive coup against the queen in 1191.

David Abashidze Stadium

David Abashidze Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Zestafoni, Georgia. It is used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of FC Zestafoni. The stadium is able to hold 4,100 people and opened in 1952. Zestafoni David Abashidze Stadium was built by the Zestafoni Ferro-alloy Plant. A couple of matches were held on the stadium before its opening in 1951. In 1952-1989 and 1999-2003 of Georgian Championship team FC Metallurg Zestafoni held matches on the Zestafoni central stadium, in 1990-1998 it was a home stadium for FC Margveti Zestafoni. Since 2004, FC Zestafoni has held home matches in the stadium. In 1981, reconstruction work was done on the arena; the west stand was roofed and the east stand was constructed. After these works capacity of the stadium increased to 8000 seats. In 2004, after establishing FC Zestafoni, central stadium was repaired and is still being repaired to renew the arena and comply with international standards. In 2005, works were done to renew the grass surface on the stadium. Georgian workers have constructed new drainage system of German technology. The field is watered with a watering system fromf an American Company “Rainbird”. (This watering system was successfully used on eight stadiums during the 2004 European Championship in Portugal.) On the Zestafoni central stadium, the field surface, “Natural Green Carpet”, is made by the Ukrainian firm “Lidia-Park”. FC Zestafoni management plans to build a new base for the club. Lots of new football fields have been constructed in Zestafoni (among them one with an artificial surface). Relevant infrastructure is being made work out rooms are being repaired, building of new tribunes with personal seats is planned, along with the installment of a modern score-board. On 9 April 2010 the Stadium was named after David Abashidze who contributed tremendously to the development and revival of football in Zestafoni. Capacity of the stadium has been increased to 4 558 individual seats.

Imereti

Imereti is a region in Georgia situated along the middle and upper reaches of the Rioni river. It consists of the following Georgian administrative-territorial units: Kutaisi (city) Baghdati region Vani region Zestafoni region Terjola region Samtredia region Sachkhere region Tqibuli region Chiatura region Tsqaltubo region Kharagauli region Khoni region Significant towns and regional centres include Samtredia, Chiatura (manganese production centre), Tkibuli (coal mining centre), Zestafoni (known for metals production), Vani, Khoni, and Sachkhere. Traditionally, Imereti is an agricultural region, known for its mulberries and grapes. The 800,000 Imeretians speak a Georgian dialect; they are one of the local culture-groups of the ethnically subdivided Georgian people. In late antiquity and early Middle Ages the ancient western Georgian kingdom of Egrisi existed on the territory of Imereti. Its king declared Christianity as an official religion of Egrisi in 523 AD. In 975-1466 Imereti was part of the united Georgian Kingdom. Since its disintegration in the 15th century, Imereti was an independent kingdom. In the 17th-18th centuries the kingdom of Imereti suffered frequent invasions by the Turks and paid patronage to the Ottoman Empire until 1810, when it was occupied and annexed by the Russian Empire. The last King of Imereti was Solomon II (1789-1810). From 1918-1921, Imereti was part of the independent Democratic Republic of Georgia. Within the USSR, the region was part of the Transcaucasian SFSR from 1922-1936, and part of the Georgian SSR from 1936-1991. Since Georgian independence in 1991, Imereti has been a region of Georgia with Kutaisi as the regional capital.

Samtredia

Samtredia is a town in Imereti, Georgia, lying in a lowland between the rivers Rioni and Tskhenis-Tsqali, 244 km west of Tbilisi, and 27 km west of Kutaisi, the nation’s capital and the second largest city respectively. Georgia’s most important roads and railways converge there, making Samtredia the country’s vital transport hub. The Kopitnari Airport is also located in 10 km from Samtredia. The town's population is 29,694 as of the 2002 all-Georgia census. The climate is humid subtropical, with mild and warm winters and hot summers. Samtredia evolved as a town from a crucial railway junction in the 1870s and acquired a town status in 1921. Under the Soviet rule, it was industrialized for the production of food and wood. Due to its strategic location, Samtredia played a prominent role in the civil unrest early in the 1990s. In a high-profile incident, from July 26 to 31 1990, the Samtredia junction was blocked by anti-Soviet opposition groups which forced, in this way, the Soviet Georgian leadership to adopt a liberal election code. The junction was again blocked, this time by the new government of Zviad Gamsakhurdia, in March-April 1991 in an attempt to exert pressure on the central Soviet authorities. This blockade, however, inflicted a heavy damage to the economy of Georgia and the neighboring Republic of Armenia which was largely dependent on Georgia’s railways. Later in 1993, Samtredia became one of the major battlegrounds in the Georgian Civil War in which the forces loyal to the ousted President Gamsakhurdia confronted the post-coup government troops, and briefly controlled the town from October 17 to October 23, 1993, putting all communications to Tbilisi under threat. Although Samtredia has been stable ever since, the post-Soviet crisis resulted in a significant economic decline the effects of which have not completely been reversed.

Vani

Vani is a town in Imereti region of western Georgia, at the Sulori river (a tributary of the Rioni river), 41 km southwest from the regional capital Kutaisi. The town with the population of 4,600 is an administrative center of the Municipality of Vani comprising also 43 neighbouring villages (total area 557 km²; population 34,000, 2002 est.). Systematic archaeological studies carried out in the Vani environs since 1947 revealed the remnants of a rich city of the ancient power of Colchis. The name of this ancient settlement is still unknown but four distinct stages of uninterrupted occupation have been identified. The first phase is dated to the 8th to 7th centuries BC. In this period Vani is presumed to have been a major cultic centre. The second phase end of the 7th and beginning of the 6th to the first half of the 4th century BC is represented by cultural layers, remains of wooden structures, sacrificial altars cut in the rocky ground, and rich burials. It is assumed that on this stage Vani was the centre of a political-administrative unit of the kingdom of Colchis. The third phase covers the second half of the 4th to the first half of the 3rd century BC. It is represented largely by rich burials, remains of stone structures. To the fourth phase belong defensive walls, the so-called small gate, sanctuaries and cultic buildings (temples, altars sacrificial platforms), and the remains of a foundry for casting bronze statues. It is assumed that in the 3rd to 1st centuries BC. Vani was a templar city. According to the archaeological data, the city was destroyed in the mid-1st century BC. Subsequently, Vani declined to a village and was officially granted a status of a town only in 1981. In town Vani there is an interesting museum (founded in 1985), where some unique pieces of the ancient Colchis are exhibited.

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