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Top Attractions in Khmelnytsky Oblast

Kamianets-Podilskyi

Kamianets-Podilskyi (Ukrainian: Кам'янець-Подільський, translit. Kam'ianets'-Podil's’kyi or Kamyanets-Podilsky, Polish: Kamieniec Podolski, Romanian Camenița, Russian: Каменец-Подольский, translit. Kamenets-Podolskiy; Yiddish: קאמענעץ־פאדאלסק‎) (see Nomenclature section below for more names) is a city on the Smotrych River in western Ukraine, to the north-east of Chernivtsi. Formerly the administrative center of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast, the city is now the administrative center of the Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (district) within the Khmelnytsky Oblast (province), after the administrative center of the oblast was moved from the city of Kamyanets-Podilsky to the city of Khmelnytskyi in 1941. The city itself is also designated as a separate district within the region. The current estimated population is around 101,728 (2015).

Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle

Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle is a former Ruthenian-Lithuanian castle and a later three-part Polish fortress located in the historic city of Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine, in the historic region of Podolia in the western part of the country. Its name is attributed to the root word kamin, from the Slavic word for stone. Historical accounts date Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle to the early 14th century, although recent archaeological evidence has proved human existence in the area back to the 12th or 13th century. Initially built to protect the bridge connecting the city with the mainland, the castle sits on top of a peninsula carved out by the winding Smotrych River, forming a natural defense system for Kamianets-Podilskyis historic Old Town neighborhood. Its location on a strategic transport crossroad in Podolia made the castle a prime target for foreign invaders, who rebuilt the castle to suit their own needs, adding to its multicultural architectural diversity. Specifically, the complex consists of the Old Town fortified by King Casimir IV, the Old Castle rebuilt by Kings Sigismund I and Stephen Báthory, and the New Castle founded by Kings Sigismund III and Władysław IV. However, in spite of the many architectural and engineering changes to the original structure, the castle still forms a coherent architectural design, being one of the few medieval constructions in Ukraine that is relatively well preserved. Along with the Old Town neighborhood, the castle is listed as part of the National Historical-Architectural Sanctuary "Kamianets" and the National Environmental Park "Podilski Tovtry". The complex is a candidate UNESCO World Heritage Site, nominated in 1989 by the Ukrainian representatives, and also one of the Seven Wonders of Ukraine. Today, Kamianets-Podilskyi Castle is the most recognized landmark of the city, serving as an important regional and national tourist attraction.

Medzhybizh Castle

Medzhybizh Castle ,built as a bulwark against Ottoman expansion in the 1540s, became one of the strongest fortresses of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in Podolia. It is situated at the confluence of the Southern Bug and Buzhenka rivers, in the town of Medzhybizh , Ukraine. Today the castle is part of the State Historical-Cultural Preserve. Originally the wooden castle was founded sometime in 1146 by Bolokh princes. The castle survived the Mongol's invastion, but in 1254 it was dismantled by Daniel of Galicia on the Mongol's orders as several other castles and fortresses in the Kingdom of Rus. The castle was rebuilt by Koriatovych princes after the Grand Duke of Lithuania defeated the Golden Horde at the Battle of Blue Waters in 1362. Its royal status the castle received already back in 1385, but in 1432 Medzhybizh with most of Podilia was passed to the Polish Crown. The castle was in a state possession for sometime. Sometimes in 1540 the castle was passed to Mikołaj Sieniawski who made some major renovations. The castle's founder was Mikołaj Sieniawski, and the Sieniawski family owned Medzhybizh until its extinction in the early 18th century. The stronghold was reconquered from the Turks in 1699 and passed to the Czartoryski family in 1731. The last rebuilding effort was undertaken by the Russian imperial authorities in the 19th century. Much restoration has been carried out on the fortress since 1968. Within the walls are a small-scale museum and a church from 1586. Views of the fortress

Starokostiantyniv Castle

The Old Constantine Castle is a Volhynian castle built at the confluence of the Sluch and Ikopot rivers by Prince Constantine Ostrogski in the 1560s. The castle of Starokostiantyniv has withstood many attacks by the Turks and the Crimean Tatars but was successfully stormed by the rebellious Cossacks in 1648. The castle played an important part in Ukraines struggle for independence when Starokostiantyniv was visited by such national leaders as Bohdan Khmelnytsky and Petro Doroshenko. The grounds still contain a fortified residence and a small church. The latter is dedicated to the Holy Trinity and has a single apse. A sacristy building adjoins it from the side of the river. The wall had five towers of which little remains. It used to be encircled by the 6-metre-high earthen ramparts and a moat traversed by a drawbridge.

National Environmental Park "Podilski Tovtry"

National Nature Park "Podilski Tovtry" is a national park, located in the Horodok, Kamianets-Podilskyi, and the Chemerivtsi Raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in southern region of the western Ukraine. It is the biggest nature conservation area in Ukraine. The National Environmental Park "Podilski Tovtry" was created on the decree #476/96 of the President of Ukraine, then Leonid Kuchma, on July 27, 1996, in order to maintain and protect the natural landscape of the Podillia region. The park is a nature-conservational, recreational, culturally enlightening, and scientifically researching institution of national importance. According to the Law of Ukraine of September 21, 2000 #1989-III, the National nature park "Podilski Tovtry" belongs to the National Ecological Network of Ukraine of the Podillya region .

Medzhybizh Fortress

Medzhybizh Castle, built as a bulwark against Ottoman expansion in the 1540s, became one of the strongest fortresses of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in Podolia. It is situated at the confluence of the Southern Bug and Buzhenka rivers, in the town of Medzhybizh, Ukraine. Today the castle is part of the State Historical-Cultural Preserve. Originally the wooden castle was founded sometime in 1146 by Bolokh princes. The castle survived the Mongols invastion, but in 1254 it was dismantled by Daniel of Galicia on the Mongols orders as several other castles and fortresses in the Kingdom of Rus. The castle was rebuilt by Koriatovych princes after the Grand Duke of Lithuania defeated the Golden Horde at the Battle of Blue Waters in 1362. Its royal status the castle received already back in 1385, but in 1432 Medzhybizh with most of Podilia was passed to the Polish Crown. The castle was in a state possession for sometime. Sometimes in 1540 the castle was passed to Mikołaj Sieniawski who made some major renovations. The castles founder was Mikołaj Sieniawski, and the Sieniawski family owned Medzhybizh until its extinction in the early 18th century. The stronghold was reconquered from the Turks in 1699 and passed to the Czartoryski family in 1731. The last rebuilding effort was undertaken by the Russian imperial authorities in the 19th century. Much restoration has been carried out on the fortress since 1968. Within the walls are a small-scale museum and a church from 1586. Views of the fortress

Holy Trinity Church

The Holy Trinity Church is a church in the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi, Khmelnytskyi Oblast of western Ukraine. The church is situated on Trinity Square near the entrance to the historic Old Town neighborhood of Kamianets-Podilskyi. Written documents date the Holy Trinity Church back to 1582, although archaeologists have found evidence that the church might even date back to the 14th century. After the Turkish seizure of Kamianets in 1672, the Holy Trinity Church, along with other Orthodox churches in the area, was converted into a Muslim mosque. It remained a mosque until 1699 when it was transferred over to the Uniates when the entire region of Podolia returned to Polish control. The church was one of the oldest in the city and the surrounding region, until its destruction by the Soviets in 1935. After Ukrainian independence in 1991, the square upon which it sits was renamed from Kuibyshev Square to Trinity Square. In 2006, restoration work commenced, being completed in 2008. On July 10, 2010, the church was consecrated by Vasyl Semeniuk, the eparch of Ternopil – Zboriv of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. Architecturally, the Holy Trinity Church resembles two other 16th-century Kamianets-Podilskyi churches, the Church of Ss. Peter and Paul, and the Ioanno-Predtechynska Church. It is an oval-shaped construction, with an altar at the east, and a choir room at the south; the churchs western portion features a bell tower.

Podolian Voivodeship

The Podole Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland, since 1434 until 1793/1795, except for the period of Ottoman occupation as Podolia Eyalet. During the Turkish occupation the regional council held its sessions first in Halicz, and later in Lwow . Together with the Bracław Voivodeship it formed the region of Podolia, which in the Kingdom of Poland was part of Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown. Its capital was in Kamieniec Podolski, local sejmiks also took place in this city. The seat of the starosta was at Kamieniec Podolski as well. The voivodeship was created 1434, out of former Duchy of Podolia, which had become part of the Kingdom of Poland in the second half of the 14th century. After the second partition of Poland, it was seized by the Russian Empire, which in 1793 created the Podolia Governorate. Today the region belongs to Ukraine. Zygmunt Gloger in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland gives a detailed description of Podole Voivodeship: “In ancient times, Podole was a borderland of permanent Slavic settlements, behind which were steppes, inhabited by nomadic tribes. Proximity of these Barbaric tribes made it impossible for the Slavs to take full advantage of Podole, which is the most beautiful and the richest of all Slavic lands For many years borders of Podole were not defined. The province was captured by the Tatars in the 13th century. They in return were chased away by the Lithuanians, who in the mid-14th century clashed here with Poland. Podole was in 1352 captured by Algirdas, and in 1396 King Wladyslaw Jagiello placed this land under Spytek of Melsztyn. Later on, Podole was ruled by Svitrigaila, and finally in 1434 the Sejm created Podole Voivodeship, naming Piotr Odrowaz the first voivode. Still, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania continued to claim this land, and the conflict was ended by the 1569 Union of Lublin If it had not been for thousands of Polish szlachta families, who since the 14th century settled here, Podole would remain a deserted steppe Boundaries of the new voivodeship were as follows: in northwest it bordered Trembowla County of Ruthenian Voivodeship, in the north it bordered Volhynian Voivodeship, while in the east it touched Braclaw Voivodeship. Whole southern and southwestern border went along the Dniestr and the Stypa rivers In its early years, Podole Voivodeship had a number of small counties, which were located around royal castles. In the 15th century, there were counties of Skala Podolska, Smotrycz, Bakota, Latyczow, Miedzyboz, Chmielnik, Zinkow, and Bar. Finally, in 1542 only three counties were established, at Czerwonogrod, Kamieniec and Latyczow In the 16th century, Podole Voivodeship had 37 towns, and according to the 1578 census, there were 650 villages. By 1583, the number of villages was reduced to only 434, due to constant Crimean Tatar raids. The voivodeship also had 35 castles and forts Podole Voivodeship had three senators: the Bishop, the Voivode and the Castellan of Kamieniec. Local starosta, who also used the title “General of Podolian Lands”, governed two towns, those of Kamieniec and Latyczow. There also were starostas at Czerwonogrod, Bar, Chmielnik, Kopajgrod, Mukarow, Ploskirow and others. Sejmiks took place at Kamieniec, where six deputies to the Sejm were elected, as well as two deputies to the Lesser Poland Tribunal at Lublin Podole Voivodeship had two border judges, who cooperated with officials of the Ottoman Porte, solving border conflicts”.

Shepetivka

Shepetivka is a town located on the Huska River in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast of Western Ukraine. The city's population is 43,379 . Shepetivka is a town of oblast subordinance, and the administrative center of Shepetivskyi Raion . Shepetivka is an important railway junction with five intersecting transit routes. It is located 100 km away from Khmelnytskyi, the oblast's capital. There are 5 supermarkets in the town: "Vopak", "Nash Kraj", "Econom", "Alfa Plus", "Lotok". A settlement called Shepetivka, belonging to the prince Ivan Zaslavsky, was first mentioned in a written document in 1594. In the 16th century Shepetivka didn’t differ from other settlements of Polesie. The settlement had a community and a windmill. It was given Magdeburg Rights at the end of the 16th century. This contributed the settlement’s expansion and growing population. At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries the peasantry was intensively enslaved. Population of Shepetivka also suffered from frequent attacks of the Crimean Tatars. Peasants and craftsmen responded to the feudal oppression with the revolt in 1591-1593, led by Krzysztof Kosiński, and the revolt in 1594-1596, led by Severyn Nalyvaiko. When during the Ukrainian war of liberation from Poland in July 1648 peasant-Cossack regiments of Maxym Kryvonis had conquered Polonne, the inhabitants of Shepetivka joined the troops. At the end of the 17th century Shepetivka became property of Lubomirski family, and in 1703, of the Sanguszko family. And at the end of the 18th century it became part of Iziaslav county, Volhynian Governorate. In 1866 Shepetivka became the capital of the county. 1594 first written mention of Shepetivka 1795 becomes part of Iziaslav County, Volhynian Governorate 1873 railway station is built 1923 gets status of a town, becoming the capital of Shepetovka district 1932 becomes the capital of Shepetivka Raion, Vinnytsia Oblast 1937 Shepetivka Raion becomes part of Kamianets-Podilskyi (since 1954 Khmelnytskyi) Oblast
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