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Top Attractions in Cordoba

Cordoba

Córdoba is a city located in the geographical center of Argentina, in the foothills of the Sierras Chicas on the Suquía River, about 700 km northwest of Buenos Aires. It is the capital of Córdoba Province and the second-largest city in Argentina after the autonomous city of Buenos Aires, with about 1.3 million inhabitants according to the 2001 census. It was founded on 6 July 1573 by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera, who named it after Córdoba, Spain. It was one of the first Spanish colonial capitals of the region that is now Argentina (the oldest city is Santiago del Estero, founded in 1553). The National University of Córdoba is the oldest university of the country and the second to be inaugurated in Latin America. It was founded in 1613 by the Jesuit Order. Because of this, Córdoba earned the nickname La Docta (roughly translated, "The Learned one"). Córdoba has many historical monuments preserved from Spanish colonial rule, especially buildings of the Roman Catholic Church. The most recognizable is perhaps the Jesuit Block (Spanish: Manzana Jesuítica), declared in 2000 as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO which consists of a group of buildings dating from the 17th century, including the Colegio Nacional de Monserrat and the colonial university campus. The campus belongs today to the historical museum of the National University of Córdoba, which has been the second-largest university in the country since the early 20th century (after the University of Buenos Aires), in terms of the number of students, faculty, and academic programs. Córdoba is also known for its historical movements, such as Cordobazo and La Reforma del '18 (known as University Revolution in English).

Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba

The Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba are a former Jesuit reduction built by missionaries in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, named a World Heritage Site in 2000. The Manzana Jesuítica contains the University of Córdoba, one of the oldest in South America, the Monserrat Secondary School, a church, and residence buildings. To maintain such a project, the Jesuits operated six Estancias around the province of Córdoba, named Caroya, Jesús María, Santa Catalina, Alta Gracia, Candelaria and San Ignacio. The farm and the complex, started in 1615, had to be left by the Jesuits, following the 1767 decree by King Charles III of Spain that expelled them from the continent. They were then run by the Franciscans until 1853, when the Jesuits returned to The Americas. Nevertheless, the university and the high-school were nationalized a year later. Each Estancia has its own church and set of buildings, around which towns grew, such as Alta Gracia, the closest to the Block. The Estancia San Ignacio no longer exists. The Jesuit Block and the Estancias can be visited by tourists; the Road of the Jesuit Estancias has around 250 kilometres of length. Jorge Mario Bergoglio, who would later become pope Francis lived there.

Valle Hermoso

Valle Hermoso is a small town in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, located 75 km from the city of Córdoba and 800 km from Buenos Aires. It had about 5,500 inhabitants at the 2001 census. Valle Hermoso is one of many small towns straddling Route 38 and the now disused railway line, which runs through the Punilla Valley from the south, and the city of Córdoba, north to La Rioja. The town's central district contains the usual commercial stores but also many hotels. Valle Hermoso sits at an altitude of about 1,000 meters providing a lovely climate. High enough to moderate summer heat yet low enough that winters are mild. Climate, peace and tranquillity which draws thousands of visitors during the summer months of December through February when town population can double. Several large, old, hotels, such as El Peñón and El Castillo, provide extensive recreation facilities. Hotel Vaquerías, over a century old, sits in a hillside niche with artesian springs, swimming, horseback riding, and much more. "Vaquerías" or "place of cattle" is a natural funnel where vaqueros would drive the cattle from the grazing pastures for branding, birthing, or collection. Today, La Reserva Natural de Vaquerías is a nature preserve dedicated to preventing construction at or alteration of the area's natural beauty, fauna and flora.

Mar Chiquita Lake

Mar Chiquita or Mar de Ansenuza is an endorheic salt lake located in the northeast of the province of Córdoba, in central Argentina. The northeast corner of the lake also extends into southeastern Santiago del Estero Province. It is the largest of the naturally occurring saline lakes in Argentina. The lake is located in parts of five departments in the two provinces. The lake occupies the southern part of a depression that measures about 50 miles/80 km by 28 miles/45 km . Its surface area varies considerably, given its shallow depth, and ranges between 2000 and 6000 km² . Mar Chiquita is fed primarily by the saline waters of the Dulce River, coming from Santiago del Estero in the north after being joined by the Saladillo River. The lands around the lower course of the Dulce and Mar Chiquita are wetlands, populated by a large biodiversity . From the southwest the lake receives the flow of the Primero/Suquía and the Segundo/Xanaes rivers, as well as several streams; these inflows vary greatly from dry to rainy seasons. The salinity of Mar Chiquita is quite variable, with measured extremes ranging from 250 g/l in times of low water levels to around 40 g/l in very humid years, such as in the decade following 1977, when record rainfall flooded much of Miramar, Córdoba. There are several islands in the lake, the most important one being the Médano Island. Mar Chiquita is slowly diminishing in volume due to increased evaporation and elevation of its bottom, and is ultimately bound to turn into a salt flat. The lake was formerly home to a growing tourism industry, and was the site of the Gran Hotel Vienna, a luxurious, lakefront establishment which functioned from 1945 to 1980, and has been the center of numerous mysteries and controversies.

Argentine National Observatory

The Argentine National Observatory, today the Astronomical Observatory of Córdoba, was founded on 24 October 1871, by Argentine president Domingo F. Sarmiento and the North American astronomer Benjamin Apthorp Gould. Its creation is the beginning of astronomical studies in Argentina. When the president Domingo F. Sarmiento was representing his country in the United States, He had the opportunity to meet the pioneering astronomer Benjamin Apthorp Gould, who was very interested in travel to Argentina in order to study the stellar south hemisphere. Once Sarmiento was already installed as president of Argentina, he invited the eminent scientist to travel to Argentina in 1869, to provide his full support to organize an observatory. Gould arrived in Buenos Aires in 1870. The same night of the inauguration of the Astronomical Observatory of Cordoba, Gould began with the naked eye, later with the aid of small binoculars, a map of the southern sky, with more than 7000 stars recorded, that was published under the name of Uranometría Argentina. He remained as director of the observatory until 1885, when he returned to the United States. The first stellar photographs in the world - hundreds of sheets of open star clusters - were taken at this observatory. This helped to determine the exact position of each star. Gould published the results in the Catálogo de zonas estelares, the first systematic and large-scale astronomy book, including more than 70,000 stars of the southern hemisphere, and the Argentinian General Catalog, which contains about 35,000 stars. The Catálogo de zonas estelares was republished in 1897 under the title Fotografías Cordobesas.

Los Molinos Dam

The Los Molinos Dam (in Spanish, Dique Los Molinos) is a dam over the course of the Los Molinos River in the center-west of the province of Córdoba, Argentina, about 769 metres (2,523 ft) above mean sea level. The dam gathers the flow of a 980 square kilometres (380 sq mi) catchment basin. Its wall is 60 metres (200 ft) high and 240 metres (790 ft)long. The reservoir has a surface area of 24.5 square kilometres (9.5 sq mi) and a volume of 399 million cubic metres (323,000 acre·ft); the maximum depth of the water is 57 metres (187 ft). The dam was built between 1948 and 1953, and its primary goals are the regulation of the flow of the river and the production of hydroelectricity. The power station generates 52 megawatts (70,000 hp) for the Center Region of the Argentine Interconnection System. The reservoir is bordered by Provincial Route 5. It is employed for fishing (silverside), swimming, water skiing and sailing.

Río Cuarto

Río Cuarto is a city in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. Located in the south of the province, it has about 144,000 inhabitants and is an important commercial and agricultural hub. It was founded on November 11, 1786, as "Villa de la Concepción del Río Cuarto," by the then-Governor Rafael de Sobremonte. Río Cuarto River flows through the province of Córdoba; its central location in the Humid Pampas favored the city's development as a transport hub for much of the surrounding agriculture, and numerous abbatoirs and food processing plants opened in Río Cuarto during the twentieth century. The National University of Río Cuarto, established in 1971, is located here. The city's football teams include Estudiantes and Atenas. Río Cuarto hosted the International Biology Olympiad in 2006 The Río Cuarto craters, a group of geologically unusual impact craters, are located nearby.

Uritorco

Cerro Uritorco is a mountain and highest peak of the Sierras Chicas chain in the northwest of the province of Córdoba, Argentina. It is located next to the Calabalumba River, three km from the center of the city of Capilla del Monte, and its summit is at 1,949 m above mean sea level. The name Uritu urqu means "Male Hill" in Santiago del Estero Quichua, which is, however, not the aboriginal Comechingón language. Since 1986 Uritorco has been mentioned in media reports of UFO sightings, extraterrestrial visits, and visions of "parallel dimensions". The nearby Capilla del Monte and the base of Uritorco attract many New Age supporters and tourists interested in the alleged mystical/energetic qualities of the mountain and other paranormal phenomena, and a local artisan industry has developed around this topic. Uritorco is under private administration, and can be accessed by the public for a small fee. It is considered a medium-difficulty ascent, taking around three hours to reach the top provided the appropriate hiking path is followed. In 2012, the mountain was closed on December 21, as a mass suicide had been proposed on Facebook to take place there due to the 2012 phenomenon.

San Roque Lake

The San Roque Lake is a reservoir in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. It was created by the damming of several rivers, especially the Suquía and the Cosquín. It is located next to the city of Villa Carlos Paz, about 600 m above mean sea level. It has a surface area of 16 km², an average depth of 16 m, and a maximum volume of 180 million m³. The dam was initially built to provide fresh water for the capital and its surroundings. It was designed in 1884 by the engineering firm of Cassaffousth, Bialet Massé and Dumesnil, finished in 1886, and inaugurated officially in 1890. Two years later the dam was suffering from a complete lack of maintenance, however, and a political scandal erupted. The original dam was finally replaced by a newer one, located 150 m away, by an initiative of Governor Amadeo Sabattini, and completed in 1944. The newer dam was built to contain and control larger rises in water levels. When the engineers tried to demolish the original dam, the dynamite only blew the metal railing. The new dam was therefore built several meters in front of the old one. When the level of the lake is low, the upper part of the old construction can be seen.

Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes

The Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes, formerly known as Estadio Córdoba and popularly Estadio Olímpico Chateau Carreras, is a stadium in the Chateau Carreras neighborhood of Córdoba, Argentina. The stadium was built in 1976 in preparation for the 1978 World Cup, with a capacity for 46,083 spectators although it doesn't provide seating for all of them, like many Argentine stadiums. Most football teams in Córdoba have their own stadiums but they usually prefer playing in this stadium for its size and comfort, especially when playing important games that attract big crowds. Generally, this stadium is used for Talleres' matches, but sometimes is used for the Belgrano's, Instituto's and Racing's matches. Also, the Argentina national football team home matches have been played here. The stadium, in 2006 and 2007, hosted some Special Stages of motorsport event named Rally Argentina, a round of the World Rally Championship. During 2010 and 2011 the stadium went through a remodelling process, the field was sunken 4 meters, new bleachers were built in order to improve the poor view caused by the shallow shape of the stadium and the capacity was increased to 57,000, becoming the second largest stadium in Argentina by seating capacity. It was re-opened on June 26th, 2011, just 5 days before the start of the 2011 Copa America. The stands were fully covered after the cup. In October, 2010 the name was changed to honor Mario Kempes, top goal scorer of the 1978 FIFA World Cup, native of Cordoba.

Córdoba Argentina Temple

The Córdoba Argentina Temple is a temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in the Villa Belgrano neighborhood of Córdoba, Argentina. The temple was announced by church president Thomas S. Monson on October 4, 2008, during the church's 178th Semiannual General Conference . A later press release indicated that the temple will be built adjacent to the Argentina Córdoba Mission headquarters. The Córdoba temple will be the second in Argentina, after the Buenos Aires Argentina Temple. The groundbreaking was October 30, 2010, presided over by Neil L. Andersen, who was accompanied by Walter F. Gonzalez, Mervyn B. Arnold, and Marcos A. Aidukaitis. A public open house is scheduled from Friday, 17 April 2015, through Saturday, 2 May 2015, excluding Sundays. The temple was formally dedicated by Dieter F. Uchtdorf on Sunday, May 17, 2015.

Mount Champaquí

Mount Champaquí, is a mountain located in the western province of Argentina, Córdoba. It is the highest peak in the province, with a height of 2884 m. Mount Champaquí, is located in the westernmost of Sierras de Cordoba known as Sierras Grandes immediately east of this summit is the Valle de Calamuchita while extending west of the Valle de Traslasierra. This mountain has moderately steep slopes to the west, with its eastern foothills of the softest. In the vicinity of the summit there is a small lake that freeze from about late April to early August, it is believed that this gap has given rise to the name of the hill which means, in the language of the Indian comechingón: Water-in-the-head / Water at the top of the hill From this summit you can admire the vast landscape between mountains, pampas, forests, valleys and lakes. The mount and its surroundings belong to Monumento Natural Champaquí. The eastern slope of this mount is accessed as follows: From the RPN No. 5 in Santa Rosa de Calamuchita takes the RPN No. 228 until Yacanto de Calamuchita since there is a path of land reaches the base of the hill. Approximate distances: Yacanto de Calamuchita: 42 km. Santa Rosa de Calamuchita: 70 km. Embalse: 100 km. On the western side, i.e. from the valley raslasierra access is steep and usually have the base of the picturesque town of Villa de Las Rosas.

Montilla

Montilla, a town and municipality in southern Spain, in the province of Córdoba, 32 miles south of the provincial capital, Córdoba. As of 2003, the town had a population of 23,245. The olive oil of the district is abundant and good, and it is the peculiar flavour of the pale dry light wine of Montilla that gives its name to the sherry known as Amontillado. Montilla is the largest component of the Montilla-Moriles designated wine region. The large wineries Alvear and El gran barquero are located in Montilla, which has an annual vendimia festival. Montilla was the birthplace of "The Great Captain," Gonzalo or Gonsalvo of Córdoba, and contains the ruined castle of his father, Pedro Fernández de Córdoba. El Inca Garcilaso de la Vega lived thirty years in Montilla, and the future saint Juan de Ávila lived for the last fifteen years of his life in Montilla, where he is buried. Local folkloric figures are the witches "las Camachas", mentioned by Cervantes in the "Dialogue of the Dogs". The central portion of that work is set in a convent which today contains the towns offices .
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