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Top Attractions in Wrocław

Wrocław National Museum

The National Museum in Wrocław , established in 1947, is one of Poland's main branches of the National Museum system. It holds one of the largest collections of contemporary art in the country. The holdings of Wrocław Museum are closely connected with the history of border shifts in Central Europe following World War II. After the annexation of Eastern half of the Second Polish Republic by the Soviet Union, main parts of Poland's art collections were transferred from the cities incorporated into the USSR including Lwów and Kijów. Collections not returned included the Ossolineum holdings which became part of the Lviv National Museum. The cultural heritage shipped in 1946 included Polish and European paintings from 17th to 19th centuries. The 1948 unveiling of the Wrocław Gallery of Polish Painting at a brand new location, composed of national treasures from already disappropriated museums, had a symbolic meaning in the lives of people subjected to mass expulsions from the Eastern Kresy. The Gallery was arranged to remind them, that they were again residing in Poland.

Wrocław Cathedral

The Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Wrocław,, is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław and a landmark of the city of Wrocław in Poland. The cathedral, located in the Ostrów Tumski district, is a Gothic church with Neo-Gothic additions. The current standing cathedral is the fourth church to have been built on the site. A first church at the location of the present cathedral was built under Přemyslid rule in the mid 10th century, a fieldstone building with one nave about 25 m in length, including a distinctive transept and an apse. After the Polish conquest of Silesia and the founding of the Wrocław diocese under the Piast duke Bolesław I Chrobry about 1000, this Bohemian church was replaced by a larger basilical structure with three naves, a crypt, and towers on its eastern side. The first cathedral was however soon destroyed, probably by the invading troops of Duke Bretislaus of Bohemia around 1039. A larger, Romanesque-style church was soon built in its place in the times of Duke Casimir I, and expanded similar to Płock Cathedral on the behest of Bishop Walter of Malonne in 1158. After the end of the Mongol invasion, the church was again largely rebuilt in the present-day Brick Gothic style. It was the first building of the city to be made of brick when construction of the new choir and ambulatory started in 1244. The nave with sacristy and the basements of the prominent western steeples were added under Bishop Nanker until 1341. On June 19, 1540, a fire destroyed the roof, which was restored 16 years later in Renaissance style. Another fire on June 9, 1759, burnt the towers, roof, sacristy, and quire. The damage was slowly repaired during the following 150 years. In the 19th century, Karl Lüdecke rebuilt the interior and western side in neogothic style. Further work was done at the beginning of the 20th century by Hugo Hartung, especially on the towers ruined during the 1759 fire. The cathedral was almost entirely destroyed during the Siege of Breslau and heavy bombing by the Red Army in the last days of World War II. Parts of the interior fittings were saved and are now on display at the National Museum in Warsaw. The initial reconstruction of the church lasted until 1951, when it was reconsecrated by Archbishop Stefan Wyszyński. In the following years, additional aspects were rebuilt and renovated. The original, conical shape of the towers was restored only in 1991. The cathedral holds the largest pipe organ in Poland, built in 1913 by E.F. Walcker Sons of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, for the Centennial Hall — formerly the largest organ in the world.

Museum of Architecture

The Museum of Architecture is in Wrocław, Poland. The museum was founded in 1965. The museum is the only architecture museum in Poland. It is located in a 15th-century post-Bernardine set of buildings, including the St Bernardine of Sienna Church and a monastic quadrangle with a garden. The Museum of Architecture was a founder-member of the International Federation of Architectural Museums . The museums collections illustrate the evolution of architecture in general, although with a specific focus on Poland. The largest collection of stained glass in Poland can be found here. Permanent exhibitions on display are: "Relics of Wroclaws Mediaeval Architecture"; "Architectural Craft from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century"; "Wroclaw: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow"; "The Art of Geometry: A Gallery of Polish Geometrical and Constructivist Art".

National Museum

The National Museum in Wrocław, established in 1947, is one of Polands main branches of the National Museum system. It holds one of the largest collections of contemporary art in the country. The holdings of Wrocław Museum are closely connected with the history of border shifts in Central Europe following World War II. After the annexation of Eastern half of the Second Polish Republic by the Soviet Union, main parts of Polands art collections were transferred from the cities incorporated into the USSR including Lwów and Kijów. Collections not returned included the Ossolineum holdings which became part of the Lviv National Museum. The cultural heritage shipped in 1946 included Polish and European paintings from 17th to 19th centuries. The 1948 unveiling of the Wrocław Gallery of Polish Painting at a brand new location, composed of national treasures from already disappropriated museums, had a symbolic meaning in the lives of people subjected to mass expulsions from the Eastern Kresy. The Gallery was arranged to remind them, that they were again residing in Poland.

Piast Brewery

Piast Brewery is a defunct brewery, located in Wrocław, Poland. It was founded in 1872, when the city of Wrocław, known as Breslau, belonged to the German Empire. The brewery was founded by Carl Scholtz, and until 1910, its name was Brauerei Pfeifferhof Carl Scholtz. By 1945, the enterprise changed names three times: Schultheiss`Brauerei AG, Abt. V , Schultheiss- Patzenhofer- Brauerei AG, Abt. V , Schultheiss- Brauerei AG Berlin, Abt. Breslau . In 1945, when Breslau was annexed by Poland, the brewery took on the name Piast Brewery, honoring the Piast dynasty, the legendary first Polish historical Royal dynasty that ruled the country from its beginnings until 1370. The name was not changed till 2005. Right after World War II, the production process was run by Polish brewmasters from brewery of Lwów, who had been ordered to leave their native city and move to the Recovered Territories. In 1951, Piast Brewery produced 350 000 hectolitres of beer and 9 000 tons of malt annually. In 1991, the brewery became part of Wrocław's company Zakłady Piwowarskie S.A., and on January 23, 1996, it was purchased for $9 500 000 by Ryszard Varisella. In November 2001, it was bought by Carlsberg Polska, and in 2004, brewing of beer was terminated.

Market Square

The Market Square, Wrocław is a medieval market square in Wrocław, now the heart of a pedestrian zone. The square is rectangular with the dimensions 213 by 178 metres . It is one of the largest markets in Europe, with the largest two town halls in Poland. The buildings around the square are built according to different styles: the middle part of the ring is occupied by a block of buildings consisting of the Old Town Hall, the New City Hall as well as numerous citizens houses. The market square is an urban ensemble with the two diagonally contiguous areas the Salt Market and the square in front of St. Elisabeths Church. Eleven streets lead to the market: two to each corner, two narrow lanes and an opened out side square, Kurzy Targ . The market was founded according to Magdeburg law as early as the rule of Henry I the Bearded between 1214 and 1232. Over time, the patricians houses appeared and by the middle of the 14th century they had formed a closed construction with the limits of the plots defined. In the 19th century the square was connected to the tram lines, at first a horse-drawn system, but after 1892 electric. Through to the end of the 1970s, cars were able to drive through along an east-west axis. Between 1996 and 2000 the square was resurfaced, while the east side, the last to be accessible to cars, was pedestrianised. There are now 60 numbered plots on the market square, with some buildings occupying several. The limits of the plots often follow lines different from those first laid out since estates were often merged and divided in the late Middle Ages. Each property has a traditional name, usually associated with the coat of arms visible on the facade or related to the history of the house itself, for instance Under the Griffins, Under the Blue Sun and Old Town Hall.

Polish Theatre in Wrocław

The Polish Theatre in Wrocław is one of the theatres in Wrocław, Poland. The Polish Theatre in Wrocław has three stages: Small Stage on 28 Świdnicka Street, “Na Świebodzkim” Stage, situated inside Świebodzki railway station’s building at 20c Orląt Lwowskich Square, and Jerzy Grzegorzewski Stage located in the Theatre’s main building at 3 Zapolska Street. The main building, the result of the endeavors of a Wrocław merchant: Paul Auerbach, was designed by Berlin architect: Walter Hentschel and completed in 1909. For the standards of the time it was both very functional and technically advanced. In the early 30s of the twentieth century the theatre, called Schauspielhaus in German, was the newest and, with 1736 seats, also the biggest stage in Wroclaw. Since its beginning, the theatre functioned as a musical theatre, where mostly operetta was staged. Towards the end of World War Two the theatre’s building was partly damaged. The theatre’s present official name is The Polish Theatre in Wrocław. The building on Zapolska Street was reconstructed in 1950, and in the same year, on February 20, it held its first premiere. The play was: A Thousand Brave Men and was written by architect Jan Rojewski. It was a socialist propagandist play about workers struggling to repair the war damage in Polish cities. For Wrocław’s audience it was a completely new type of modern drama. The theatre was in use until 1994, when during the night of January 18 a fire broke out and destroyed the auditorium. The theatre was once again rebuilt, this time according to the design of Witold Jackiewicz. The play staged during the opening ceremony on May 20, 1996 was Wroclaw Improvisations, directed by Andrzej Wajda himself.

Szczytnicki Park

Szczytnicki Park in Wrocław, Poland is located to the east of Plac Grunwaldzki and the old Oder river, and covers approximately 1 square kilometre of land. The park, besides offering many sightseeing attractions, also has many dendrological rarities. The land under the park was first mentioned in writing in 1204, when Henryk I the Bearded donated the village Stitnic to the monastery of St. Vincent, where shields were produced for the dukes forces. The village was also inhabited by fishermen and farmers. In 1318, the monks sold the village to the city council, becoming the first estate outside the city walls, called Szczytniki. The forest in Szczytniki was popular among the inhabitants of Wrocław already in the 18th century. In 1783, Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen bought the terrain and established one of the first parks on the European continent in English style. The park was ruined, however, by French soldiers during a siege of the city. The park hosts a Japanese Garden, prepared for the Worlds Fair of 1913, and a wooden church from the turn of the 17th century.

Stadion Miejski

The Municipal Stadium in Wrocław, Poland, is the highest fourth category football stadium built for the 2012 UEFA European Football Championship. The Stadium is located on aleja Śląska in the western part of the city . It is the home stadium of the Śląsk Wrocław football team playing in the Polish T-Mobile Ekstraklasa. The stadium has a capacity of 42,771 spectators, all seated and all covered. The Municipal Stadium in Wroclaw is the largest arena in Ekstraklasa and the third largest in the country (after National Stadium and Silesia Stadium). Stadium construction began in April 2009 and was completed in September 2011. Stadium opening took place at 10 September 2011 with boxing fight between Tomasz Adamek and Vitali Klitschko for WBC heavyweight title. The first football match, between Śląsk Wrocław and Lechia Gdańsk, was played on 28 October 2011. Śląsk won the match 1:0 and Johan Voskamp was the first goalscorer at the new stadium.

Monopol Hotel

The Monopol Hotel is a five-star hotel located at Helena Modrzejewska street, Wrocław. It was built in 1892 in what was then Breslau in Germany, in Art Nouveau/Neo-Baroque style on the site of the graveyard of St Dorothy's Church. The graveyard had been converted into a jail in 1817. The plot was bought near the end of the 19th century for 600 000 marks by Breslau's Jews banker Wallenberg Pachaly and architect Karl Grosser, who built a trade house and hotel in which there were 69 rooms, including 21 single occupation rooms, 46 double occupation and 2 apartments. Room size ran from 10 to 36 square metres and according to 19th century standards were luxurious. It was fondly christened "the pearl of Lower Silesia" (die Perle Niederschlesiens). Famous patrons of the hotel during the German era included Marlene Dietrich and Gerhart Hauptmann. The balcony above the main entrance was purposely built in 1937 to coincide with Hitler's visit to Breslau, who gave a speech from the said balcony the following year on the occasion of the German Gymnastics and Sports Festival. However, contrary to popular legend, Hitler never actually stayed at the hotel. The hotel's in-house department store was located at the corner of Świdnicka and Modrzejewskiej street (formerly Schweidnitzerstraße and Agnes-Sorma-Straße respectively). During the last months of World War II it was significantly damaged so that it was rebuilt only in 1961 and became an exclusive cafe "Monopol". At the end of the 20th century it was closed and commercial functions were restored in the building. The hotel building itself survived the war without significant damage. Following the transfer of Breslau to Poland in 1945, the hotel hosted the World Congress of Intellectuals during the Exhibition of the Recovered Territories in 1948 with guests such as Pablo Picasso, Irène Joliot-Curie, Ilya Ehrenburg and Mikhail Sholokhov. In 1984 the building was entered into Wrocław's register of monuments. The façade was given a facelift in 2008. Today the Monopol Hotel has two restaurants (one Polish and the other Mediterranean), a spa and wellness club and organizes conferences and banquets. During Euro 2012 it hosted the Czech national team.

Iglica

Iglica is a needle-like monument in Wrocław, Poland. It was built in 1948 and was 106 metres tall. Today, after renovation, the top ten metres have been removed and it is now 96 metres tall. This structure was constructed by Polish Communists for an exhibition to celebrate the regaining control over the "Regained Territories" after Second World War. The Iglica is located very close to the Centennial Hall. Originally topped by a spinning contraption of mirrors, creating an "umbrella of light" at night, this was struck by lightning within a day of completion, and prior to the official opening. The remnants of this damaged structure were apparently removed by two climbing enthusiasts at no cost, the military failing to be able to tackle the task. The spire was named one of Polands official national Historic Monuments, as designated April 20, 2005, together with the Four Domes Pavilion, the Pergola, and Centennial Hall. Its listing is maintained by the National Heritage Board of Poland.

Zwierzyniecki Bridge

Zwierzyniecki Bridge is located in the eastern part of Wrocław, Poland. The bridge spans the Oder River and is in the immediate vicinity of Wrocław Zoo and the exhibition grounds about Centennial Hall. The bridge was built around 1655 and was originally wooden. Between 1895 and 1897, Karl Klimm designed a new bridge under the supervision of the city architect, Richard Plüddemann and with the help of engineer A. Fruhwirth. The new truss bridge is a single-span steel structure, supported by granite abutments and consists of two parallel-braced rib steel arches placed 12.5 metres apart. The characteristic features of the bridge are four decorative Art Nouveau obelisks made of red sandstone. The bridge is also illuminated at night by bespoke period street lamps. During the siege of Festung Breslau in 1945, German soldiers, who wanted to prevent an expected attack from the east of the city, prepared to blow the bridge up by planting explosives. The Red Army troops, however, launched an assault from the South, saving Zwierzyniecki bridge from being destroyed A marina, from which tourist excursion boats launch, is located only a stones throw from Zwierzyniecki bridge and Wroclaw Zoo.

Wrocław Market Hall

Wrocław Market Hall was designed by Richard Plüddemann and built between 1906-08 as the Breslauer Markthalle Nr 1, when the city was part of Germany. It is situated by Ulica Piaskowa , at the junction of Plac Nankiera and Ulica Sw. Ducha close to Market Square, Wrocław and oldest districts of Wrocław. The Hall was completed along with similar building at Ulica Kolejowa. Both buildings were created in order to organize street trading in the city center. Once completed, all street markets have been moved into the newly opened halls. The building was not severely damaged during the World War II and continued to be used as originally intended shortly after. It was completely renovated between 1980-83. The Wrocław Market Hall remains one of the biggest traditional markets in the city. The Kolejowa Hall was destroyed during the war and removed in 1973.
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