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Top Attractions in Winchester

Winchester City Mill

The Winchester City Mill is a restored water mill situated on the River Itchen in the centre of the ancient English city of Winchester. The mill is owned by the National Trust. The mill was first recorded, milling corn, in the Domesday Book of 1086. The mill was last rebuilt in 1744 and remained in use until the early 1900s. The mill was then used as a laundry until 1928 when it was offered for sale. In order to prevent its demolition, a group of benefactors bought the mill and presented it to the National Trust. In 1932 the mill was leased to the Youth Hostels Association for use as a hostel, a usage that continued until recently. In 2004, a 12-year restoration program came to a successful conclusion, and after a hiatus of at least 90 years the mill again milled flour by water power. The water wheel can be seen working daily throughout the year and flour milling is demonstrated every weekend of the year, and most Wednesdays during the Summer. The mill building also houses a National Trust shop.

Westgate

The Westgate is one of two surviving fortified gateways in Winchester, England . The earliest surviving fabric is of Anglo-Saxon character. The gate was rebuilt in the 12th century and modified in the 13th and late 14th centuries, the latter including a portcullis in the western façade and two inverted-keyhole gunports, the earliest in the country. The gate was in use until 1959 when the High Street was routed around it. In the 19th century the City Corporation acquired the Westgate and began to use it as a museum and repository for the City archives. Today, the Westgate Museums displays include a famous collection of pre-Imperial weights and measures, and a fine painted ceiling made for Winchester College in anticipation of a visit by Mary Tudor and Philip of Spain on the occasion of their marriage in Winchester in 1554.

Winchester Hoard

The Winchester Hoard is a hoard of Iron Age gold found in a field in the Winchester area of Hampshire, England, in 2000, by a retired florist and amateur metal detectorist, Kevan Halls. It was declared treasure and valued at £350,000—the highest reward granted under the Treasure Act 1996 up to the time. The hoard consists of two sets of jewellery of a very high purity of gold dating from 75–25 BCE. Although, the items pre-date the Roman conquest of Britain in 43 CE, the manufacturing technology was Roman rather than Celtic. The total weight of the items is nearly 1,160 g . The find was described as "the most important discovery of Iron Age gold objects" for fifty years; and the items were probably an "expensive", "diplomatic gift". The brooches alone were "the third discovery of its kind from Britain". The Winchester Hoard is now housed at the British Museum in London.

Fort Southwick

Fort Southwick is one of the forts found on Portsdown Hill, which overlooks the naval base of Portsmouth in the county of Hampshire, England. It is the highest fort on the hill, and holds the water storage tanks for the other forts, supplying them via a brick lined aqueduct. Construction was started in 1861 and completed by 1870. It was designed to house a large complement of men in a crescent-shaped barrack block. Its north projection has one full caponier to defend the dry ditch, and has two smaller demi-caponiers at the corners. A small musketry gallery crosses the ditch at the south-west angle to cover a minor branch of the ditch. Mortar batteries of five mortars each can be found set into the rampart behind the demi-caponiers. In 1893 the fort was armed with a total of 23 guns: Nine 64 lb rifled muzzle loaders Eight 7 in rifled breech loaders Six 8 in rifled muzzle loaded howitzers A central spiral staircase from the surface gives access to four main tunnels running radially outward from it at uneven angles. These tunnels lead to the barrack block and caponiers, and past the magazine. During the Second World War, Underground Headquarters or UGHQ, the communications "nerve centre" for Operation Overlord, was in a secret network of tunnels excavated between February and December 1942 by 172 Tunnelling Company of the Royal Engineers 100 ft underneath Fort Southwick, well out of reach of any bombs of the era. The call sign of this base was MIN. Although disarmed in 1906, the fort was retained by the military as a barracks, and also used to train soldiers how to capture and hold a fort. It became a demobilisation centre for three years after the First World War. The fort was part of the Admiralty Research Establishment until 2002, when all operational use of the fort ceased. It was sold by the Ministry of Defence in July 2003 to the "Fort Southwick Company Limited", who intend to convert the barrack block into luxury apartments. It has been a Grade I Listed Building since 1987.

Winchester Cathedral Priory

Winchester Cathedral Priory was a cathedral monastery attached to Winchester Cathedral, providing the clergy for the church. Cenwealh son of Cynegils is credited with constructing the Old Minster of Winchester in the 640s, and a new bishopric was created in the 660s with Wine as the first bishop. Although attacked by the Vikings in 860 and 879, the monastery survived and recovered. In 964, during the episcopate of Bishop Æthelwold, the Minsters secular priests were replaced by Benedictine monks from Abingdon Abbey, establishing the cathedral priory. Originally intended for 70 monks, it dropped to 62 monks in 1262, and to 29 in 1495, recovering slightly in the following century, with either 33 or 45 monks when the monastery was dissolved on 15 November 1539. The priory controlled the Sister Hospital at Winchester, and maintained a school. The house was originally dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and Saint Peter and Saint Paul. A dedication to Saint Swithun, a 9th-century bishop, was added later.

King's House

The Kings House in Winchester was a late 17th century planned royal palace in the English county of Hampshire. Winchester had been the capital of Wessex and England in Anglo-Saxon times, but became a backwater after the Norman Conquest. Built for King Charles II of England by Sir Christopher Wren from 1683, the Kings House stood on a site adjoining the castle it was to replace, and modelled after the Palace of Versailles, though on a somewhat smaller scale. It was to have sweeping views, walks and gardens descending to the cathedral. Although structurally completed, money ran out and the project was eventually abandoned. The building was gutted by fire in 1894 and demolished. Columns and parts of the decorative masonry were reused in the Peninsula Barracks building which replaced it in 1900, and which now include Winchesters Military Museums.

Royal Green Jackets Museum

The Royal Green Jackets Museum in Winchester, England showcases artefacts from British military history, specifically that of the Royal Green Jackets regiment and its preceding regiments. The spotlight on the Royal Green Jackets includes the Green Jackets Brigade, the Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry, The Kings Royal Rifle Corps, The Rifle Brigade, and other military organizations dating back to 1741. The museum houses uniforms, weapons, silver, paintings, medals, battle models and dioramas, including: 34 of the Regiments Victoria Cross medals are on display Writing case used by General James Wolfe at Quebec Clothing worn by the Duke of Wellington. Nine scale models of famous battles, including a Battle of Waterloo diorama made up of 22,000 pieces Prisoner of War uniform worn by Sergeant Andy McNab after the Iraqis captured him in 1991. Visitors also have the opportunity to fire a replica of the Baker rifle. Queen Elizabeth II, the regiments commanding officer, opened the museum in 1989. The museum is one of several regimental museums that are allied as part of Winchesters Military Museums.

St Mary's Abbey

St. Marys Abbey, also known as the Nunnaminster, was a Benedictine nunnery in Winchester, Hampshire. It was founded around 903 by Alfred the Greats consort Ealhswith, who was described as the builder of the Nunnaminster in the New Minster Liber Vitae. The first buildings were completed by their son, Edward the Elder. Among the houses early members was Edwards daughter Edburga. Sometime after 963 Bishop Æthelwold refounded the monastery and re-endowed it, imposing the stricter Benedictine rule. According to Æthelwolds hagiographer, Wulfstan the Cantor, Æthelwold made a woman called Æthelthryth abbess of the Nunnaminster. Æthelwold may also have translated the relics of Edburga, now recognized as a saint, to a more prominent shrine within the Nunnaminster; however, this event is only attested in Osbert of Clares much later Vita S. Edburgae. The house stood between High Street and Colebroke Street and was known as Nunnaminster. According to the Domesday Book the abbess held Lyss, Froyle, Leckford Abbess, Long Stoke, Timsbury, and Ovington in Hampshire; Coleshill in Berkshire; and Urchfont and All Cannings in Wiltshire. The Nunnery was rebuilt again after the Norman conquest, perhaps by AD 1100, by which time it was known as St Marys Abbey. During The Anarchy the monastery was burnt in the great fire of Winchester in 1141. The house became impoverished during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, but thanks to various grants and concessions it recovered its position and was in a healthy state at the time of the suppression. The house was suppressed as part of the Dissolution of the Monasteries in November 1539, with pensions granted to the abbess, prioress and nuns. Considerable remains of the buildings survived into the seventeenth century, but only certain watercourses survive into the present.

St. Catherine's Hill

St. Catherines Hill is a small but dramatic chalk hill to the south east of Winchester in Hampshire, England. Rising steeply some 67 metres from the water meadows of the River Itchen, the summit of the hill at 97 metres provides a fine view over Winchester. The hill is owned by Winchester College, and largely managed as a nature reserve by the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust. St. Catherines Hill is at the westernmost extremity of the South Downs National Park, having previously been designated as part of the East Hampshire AONB . In addition, much of the hill and adjoining Plague Pits dry valley is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest due to its chalk downland flora, including practically the full range of downland orchids, with chalkhill blue and other butterflies.

Winnall Moors

Winnall Moors is an area of the flood plain of the River Itchen, immediately to the north of Winchester city centre. The area is managed as a nature reserve by the Hampshire and Isle of Wight Wildlife Trust. The southern section is owned by Winchester City Council and has been managed by HIWWT since the 1980s. The northern part was formerly farmed as low-intensity grazing, but has recently been purchased by HIWWT following a public appeal, with assistance from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The site lies within the western end of the Countryside Agency’s plan for a South Downs National Park. Habitats on the site include chalk stream, tall fen, hay meadow and wet pasture. Plant life includes green-flowered helleborine, water crowfoot and lesser water-parsnip, purple loosestrife, yellow flag, various sedges, common reed and reed canary grass, fleabane, meadowsweet and fen bedstraw, southern marsh-orchid, yellow rattle and eyebright. Birds include little grebe, mute swan and mallard, reed and sedge warblers, gadwall, wigeon and snipe. There are many different species of breeding dragonfly and damselfly including the broad-bodied chaser, common darter and banded demoiselle.

St. Mary's Abbey

St. Mary's Abbey, also known as the Nunnaminster, was a Benedictine nunnery in Winchester, Hampshire. It was founded around 903 by Alfred the Great's consort Ealhswith, who was described as the 'builder' of the Nunnaminster in the New Minster Liber Vitae. The first buildings were completed by their son, Edward the Elder. Among the house's early members was Edward's daughter Edburga. Sometime after 963 Bishop Æthelwold refounded the monastery and re-endowed it, imposing the stricter Benedictine rule. According to Æthelwold's hagiographer, Wulfstan the Cantor, Æthelwold made a woman called Æthelthryth abbess of the Nunnaminster. Æthelwold may also have translated the relics of Edburga, now recognized as a saint, to a more prominent shrine within the Nunnaminster; however, this event is only attested in Osbert of Clare's much later Vita S. Edburgae. The house stood between High Street and Colebroke Street and was known as Nunnaminster. According to the Domesday Book the abbess held Lyss, Froyle, Leckford Abbess, Long Stoke, Timsbury, and Ovington in Hampshire; Coleshill in Berkshire; and Urchfont and All Cannings in Wiltshire. The Nunnery was rebuilt again after the Norman conquest, perhaps by AD 1100, by which time it was known as St Mary's Abbey. During The Anarchy the monastery was burnt in the great fire of Winchester in 1141. The house became impoverished during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, but thanks to various grants and concessions it recovered its position and was in a healthy state at the time of the suppression. The house was suppressed as part of the Dissolution of the Monasteries in November 1539, with pensions granted to the abbess, prioress and nuns. Considerable remains of the buildings survived into the seventeenth century, but only certain watercourses survive into the present.

Old Minster

The Old Minster was the Anglo-Saxon cathedral for the diocese of Wessex and then Winchester from 660 to 1093. It stood on a site immediately north of and partially beneath its successor, Winchester Cathedral. The old legend that the Old Minster was built in the 2nd century for the non-existent King Lucius of Britain is erroneous. The stone minster was constructed in 648 for King Cenwalh of Wessex and Saint Birinus. It became the diocesan cathedral in 660. It was enlarged and redecorated over the years and Saint Swithun was buried outside it in 862. By the 10th century, the Old Minster was the priory church of a community of monks, living under the rule of St Benedict. In 901, the New Minster was built next to it, so close in fact that it is said the singing of the monks inside each became hopelessly intermingled. Saint Æthelwold of Winchester followed by his successor, Saint Alphege, almost completely rebuilt the minster on a vast scale during their monastic reforms of the 970s. Saint Swithuns body was taken into an indoor shrine in what had become the largest church in Europe. However, after the Norman conquest of England, Bishop Walkelin built a replacement cathedral alongside and the Old Minster was demolished in 1093. Many of the Kings of Wessex and England, as well bishops, had been buried there, so their bodies were exhumed and re-interred in the new building. The Old Minster was excavated in the 1960s. It is now laid out in brickwork in the churchyard adjoining Winchester Cathedral. Saint Swithuns first grave is clearly marked. Finds from the site may be seen in the Winchester City Museum. The bones of the monarchs removed to the cathedral are now housed in the famous mortuary chests around the choir. Egbert of Wessex, who was King of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839, was buried in the Old Minster.
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