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Top Attractions in Lviv Oblast

Lviv

Lviv is a city in western Ukraine that was the capital of the Kingdom of Ruthenia before being incorporated into the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland in 1339 and turning into regional capital of the Ruthenian Voivodeship, and later the Habsburg Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, then known as Lemberg. Administratively, Lviv serves as the administrative center of Lviv Oblast and has the status of city of oblast significance. Population: 730,272 (2013 est.). From the Polish recurrence after the First World War in 1918-21 until the German and Soviet conquest and dividing of Second Polish Republic, after the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, the city was known as Lwów and was the centre of the Polish Lwów Voivodeship. During the war this eastern Polish city was first occupied by the USSR, but soon after Operation Barbarossa, the German attack on the Soviet Union, the city was instead taken by the Germans. After Nazi Germany's defeat, at the Potsdam Conference, the Soviet Union argued that the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact was legal and the city should become a part of the Soviet Union; Churchill objected but America agreed. It was the centre of Lviv Oblast of Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR, and became part of Ukraine after 1991. As the centre of the historical region of Galicia, Lviv is now regarded as one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine. The historical heart of Lviv with its old buildings and cobblestone streets has survived Soviet and German occupations during the Second World War largely unscathed. The city has many industries and institutions of higher education such as Lviv University and Lviv Polytechnic. Lviv is also a home to many world-class cultural institutions, including a philharmonic orchestra and the famous Lviv Theatre of Opera and Ballet. The historic city centre is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Lviv celebrated its 750th anniversary with a son et lumière in the city centre in September 2006.

Truskavets

Truskavets is a city in western Ukraine's Lviv Oblast , near the border with Poland. It is designated as a city of oblast significance. Population: 29,516 (2013 est.). Truskavets is famous for its mineral springs, which have made it one of Ukraine's great resorts. For most visitors the primary goal is consuming the various 'local waters.' The most famous is the sulfur-scented, slightly saline 'Naftusia.' The town lies in an attractive little valley in the Carpathian foothills and is easily reached from L'viv by bus or train. The vast majority of tourists who come to Truskavets are either Ukrainian or Russian. In 2000 a special economic zone was established in Truskavets for the period of 20 years. Known as "Kurortopolis Truskavets", the SEZ offers various tax privileges for businesses and investors. Some 13 investment projects have been approved under its framework, with the majority focusing on health and medical treatment. Truskawiec was first mentioned in 1427. At that time the village was property of Kings of Poland, and was located in Ruthenian Voivodeship. First baths were opened here in 1827 when Truskavets, with the rest of Galicia, was part of the Austrian Empire. In 1836 Jozef Micewski, with support of Agenor Goluchowski, initiated construction of the spa complex. In 1853, the village was visited by Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria. In 1911, a rail station was opened here, and by 1913, the town was receiving some 5,000 visitors per year. Following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the ensuing Polish-Ukrainian armed conflict and an eventual Polish-Soviet partition of Ukrainian lands, Truskawiec fell under the jurisdiction of the Polish state. During the short-lived period of Polish administration 1920-1939, Truskavets emerged as popular spa destination. In the 1920s and 1930s, almost 300 hotels, villas and guest houses were built here. The town was awarded three gold medals as the country's best spa resort. A number of notable Polish personalities visited Truskavets during that era: Stanislaw Wojciechowski, Józef Piłsudski, Leon Sapieha, Wincenty Witos, Ignacy Daszynski, Eugeniusz Bodo, Adolf Dymsza, Julian Tuwim, Stanislaw Witkiewicz, Bruno Schulz, Zofia Nalkowska, Stanisława Walasiewicz, Halina Konopacka and Janusz Kusocinski. On August 29, 1931, Vasyl Bilas and Dmytro Danylyshynt, two activists of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists assassinated Tadeusz Hołówko, a Polish cabinet minister vacationing in Truskavets. In response, the Polish government ordered another wave of "pacifications", a repression campaign against ethnic Ukrainians. This only deepened the resentment against the Polish state authorities and ethnic divide among the local population.

Nemyriv

Nemyriv is an urban-type settlement and a health resort 21 kilometres from Rava-Ruska in Yavoriv Raion, Lviv Oblast of Ukraine. Before the Polish September Campaign, until September 17, 1939, it was in Lwów Voivodeship . Population: 2,002 (2013 est.). Local government is administered by Nemyrivska settlement council. The history of Niemirow, as the town is called in Polish, dates back to the late 15th century, when its owner, a man named Niemierz, tried to turn the village into a town. He failed, and until 1580 Niemirow, part of Poland's Ruthenian Voivodeship, remained a village. In that year, local nobleman Andrzej Fredro founded a town along a merchant trail. It was officially confirmed by King Stefan Batory, and the Fredro family contributed much to the town's growth. Their coat of arms, the Boncza, is the current coat of arms of the village. In the early 17th century, Niemirow belonged to the Stadnicki family, while the neighboring Jaworow was property of the Sobieski family. Future Polish king Jan III Sobieski knew this area very well, as he used to be the starosta of Jaworow. In the mid-17th century, Niemirow was surrounded by a rampart with wooden gates, had two churches (Roman Catholic and Greek-Catholic), and a town hall. South of the town was a lake with a castle located by its shore. In October 1672, during the Polish-Ottoman War, the Battle of Niemirow took place here, between forces of Hetman Sobieski, and Crimean Tatars, who plundered southeastern Poland. Memory of Sobieski's victory remained vivid among local residents. In the late 18th century, a figure of Christ was placed on a hill where Polish soldiers were buried in 1672. In 1883, on the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Vienna, residents of Niemirow founded an obelisk, which was erected in the town square. The tablet attached to the obelisk read: "Jan III Sobieski, at that time Marshall and Crown Hetman, while chasing Tatars plundering Ruthenian lands, destroyed on October 7, 1672 a large Tatar camp, freeing 12,000 szlachta and peasants, women and children. In memory of the vanquisher of Islam, the town of Niemirow placed this tablet on September 12, 1883". The oldest building of Nemyriv is church of the Holy Trinity, built in 1640 by Jan Stadnicki, the owner of the town. After World War Two, when Polish population of the town was forced to move to the Recovered Territories, the church was turned into a warehouse. Returned to the Catholic community, it was re-opened in 1992 by Archbishop Marian Jaworski. Nemyriv is famous for its sulphur waters, which were enjoyed by Jan III Sobieski. Officially, the sulphur water spa was opened in 1814, in the valley of the Smerdech river, by Count Ignacy Hilary Moszynski. The complex burned in 1834, but soon afterwards it was rebuilt and expanded. In the late 19th century, the spa belonged to Count Karol Krusenstern, who operated three sources, named Maryja, Anna and Bronislawa. There were ten luxurious villas, scattered in the local park, and in 1907, the spa was visited by 700 people. At that time, Niemirow was regarded as the best, and the cheapest spa of Austrian Galicia. After World War One, Niemirow-Zdroj, as it was called, was operated by a specially created company, and was a very popular place in the Second Polish Republic. New villas were designed by Wladyslaw Ruebenbauer, a talented architect from Lubaczow. In 1933, a monument of Jan III Sobieski was unveiled in the center of the spa, next to an oak tree from 1588.

Lviv High Castle

The Lviv High Castle or Lviv Castle Hill is a historic castle located on the top of the Castle Hill of the city of Lviv. It is currently the highest point in the city, 413 metres above sea level. The castle currently stands in ruins. The High Castle is located in close proximity of the historic centre of Lviv, formerly being surrounded by a fortification wall. The Castle Hill took its name from the High Castle, which used to be located on the hill from the 13th century to the late 19th century. The castle was a main defensive fort of the city during its existence. As it follows from Rus Chronicles, the first fortifying structures appeared on the Castle Hill in the time Halych-Volhynia, and were built by Leo I of Halych from wood. It was originally a wood and soil construction, as most others at that time. In 1259 by a request of Burunday Khan they were destroyed, but in 1270 were rebuilt. In 1340, when Lviv was captured by Casimir III of Poland the wooden castle was put under fire. In 1353 it was destroyed again by Lithuanians. A new brick castle appeared on the hill in 1362 by the king Casmimir III. It became the residence of Polish nobles. The castle was rebuilt and repaired many times. In the times of Khmelnytsky Uprising it was taken by Cossack forces of Colonel Maksym Kryvonis in October 1648. In 1704, when Lviv was occupied by Swedes the castle was heavily damaged. In 1777, Austrians initiated disassembling of fortifications around the castle. In the 19th century, the then destroyed castle was taken apart and new items were built in its place. The fortification was strengthened, trees were planted on the hills slope, and a park was constructed. On the place where the castle once stood, a Union of Lublin Mound was constructed in 1869, dedicated to the 300-years of the Union of Lublin. Currently, an observation platform is located atop the kurgan. In 1957, a 141-meter tall television tower was constructed on top of the hill . In 2004-2005, there were talks of reconstructing a stone castle on the hill. The project gained some support and opposition. However, at this time, plans for the construction of the castle are not realistic.

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