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Top Attractions in Sulaymaniyah Governorate

As Sulaymaniyah

Sulaymaniyah , also called Sulaimani or Slemani, is a city in Iraqi Kurdistan. Sulaymaniyah is surrounded by the Azmer Range, Goyija Range and the Qaiwan Range in the northeast, Baranan Mountain in the south and the Tasluja Hills in the west. The city has a semi-arid climate with very hot dry summers and cool wet winters. Sulaymaniyah served as the capital of the historic Kurdish principality of Baban from 1784 to 1850. The modern city of Sulaymaniyah was founded on 14 November 1784 by the Kurdish prince Ibrahim Pasha Baban who named it after his father Sulaiman Pasha. Because it was founded as the capital of a powerful Kurdish principality, Sulaymaniyah has developed into a large city with a population of more than 1,500,000 people. It is an important economic center for northern Iraq and has been named the cultural center for Sorani-speaking Kurds continuously since 1992. From its foundation Sulaymaniyah was always a center of great poets, writers, historians, politicians, scholars and singers, such as Nalî, Mahwi, Piramerd, Muhammed Emin Zeki Bey, Taufiq Wahby, Sherko Bekas, Nuri Sheikh Salih Sheikh Ghani Barzinji, Bachtyar Ali, Mahmud Barzanji, Mawlawi, Mawlânâ Khâlid and Mustafa Zihni Pasha.

Lake Dukan

Lake Dukan is the largest lake in Iraqi Kurdistan. It is located close to the city of Ranya, and is a reservoir on the Little Zab created by the construction of the Dukan Dam. The Dukan Dam was built between 1954 and 1959 as a multi-purpose dam to provide water storage, irrigation and hydroelectricity. Prior to the flooding of Lake Dukan, the area has been subjected to archaeological research to investigate as many archaeological sites as possible. An archaeological survey in the Ranya Plain documented some 40 archaeological sites with evidence for occupation ranging from the sixth millennium BCE up to the present. Five of these sites were then excavated: Tell Bazmusian, ed-Dem, Kamarian, Qarashina and Tell Shemshara. The excavations at Tell Bazmusian revealed a temple dating to the second millennium BCE. At Tell Shemshara, an early-sixth millennium BCE village was excavated, as well as an early-second millennium BCE palace with a small archive of clay tablets. The inhabitants of some 50 villages in the flooded area, around 1,000–1,200 families, were resettled to the west of the lake. The surface area of the lake is 270 square kilometres . At normal operation, the capacity of the reservoir is 6.8 cubic kilometres while its maximum capacity is 8.3 cubic kilometres . At that capacity, the surface elevation is 515 metres above sea-level. In order to operate the power station, the surface elevation must be between 469 and 511 metres . The drainage basin of the Dukan Dam is 11,700 square kilometres .

Sulaimani Polytechnic University

Sulaimani Polytechnic University (in Kurdish زانکۆی پۆلیتەکنیکی سلێمانی) is a public university and a member of International Association of Universities (IAU). It is located in the city of Sulaymaniyah, Qirga District in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It is one of the important scientific and cultural centers in the region. SPU was originally established in 1996 under the name of Foundation of Technical Institutions (FTE), then in 2003 it was changed to "Foundation of Technical Education Sulaimani" (FTES). SPU currently comprises 13 Institutes and Colleges. The main campus is located in Sulaimani city, others are in the towns of Dukan, Kalar, Halabja, Chamchamal, Darbandikhan DBK and Khanaqin. SPU currently has a total enrollment of more than 13500 undergraduate students. The university offers a variety of major areas of studies including Engineering, Health and Medical Sciences, Agriculture, Computer Science, ICT and Business Administration leading to Technical Bachelor and Diploma degrees. The main goal of its establishment was to administer the technical education in Kurdistan which is a major and important aspect in higher education. Another duty of SPU is to prepare experts and technical staff for the development of the society, government sector and the private sector, in addition to the administrative supervision of the institutes and technical colleges located within the boundaries of Sulaimani and Garmiyan. Polytechnic system performed in many countries all over the world. The graduates of these colleges and institutes at SPU receive a technical diploma after two-year study course in technical institutes and a technical bachelor's degree after four-year in study for the technical colleges. The study is mainly undertaken as full-time morning classes. However, due to increasing demand in terms of student numbers, evening courses were established in 2008 for the first time. In academic year 2011/2012, the parallel study was introduced at SPU. FTES was restructured to Sulaimani Polytechnic University in August 2012 by a decision from the Council of Ministers.

Ranya

Ranya is a town located in Iraqi Kurdistan, 130 kilometres northwest of Sulaymaniyah. The population of this city was involved in the revolutionary movement of Kurdish people from the war against the British Empire invasion during Şêx Mehmud's government, the Eylûl revolution, and the uprising which broke out in this city on 5 March 1991. Consequently, it acquired the name of 'the gate of uprising'. The city includes a number of tourist sites, notably the shore of the Derbendi, the area around the Reşemêrg spring, the Kwerakani spring which runs from the Central mosque through Ranyae's main bazaar Girdedême hill and Bêtwate, the villages in the Dola Raqa valley. Ranya is surrounded by three mountain ranges, the Kewarash, the Hajila and the Asos. Lake Dukan, created by the construction of a hydro-electric dam, is near the town. Ranya neighbourhoods include Qelat, Reşemêrg, Gilîincan, Sera, Rizgarî, Raperîn, Andazyaran, Azadî 1, Azadî 2, Kêwereş, Qule،Mamostayan, Nawroz, and Fermanberan. The first known newspaper published in Ranya appeared in 1942 under the name of Blêse . y45w hgj

Paikuli inscription

The Paikuli inscription is a bilingual Parthian and Middle Persian text corpus which was inscribed on the stone blocks of the walls of Paikuli tower; the latter is located in what is now southern part of Iraqi Kurdistan near modern-day Barkal village, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq (35°5′53.91″N 45°35′25.95″E). These inscribed stone blocks are now in the Sulaymaniyah Museum; the field only contains the stones that were used in the construction of the tower. It was set up as a monument to victory, and tells how and why the Sasanian emperor Narseh ousted his grandnephew from power. In 293 Narses marched from Armenia in open revolt against his nephew with a host of supporters and allies, whose names are recorded on the Paikuli inscription. This list includes king Tiridates, possibly of Armenia. There is an opinion that this inscription shows that by this time Armenia was no longer regarded as part of Eranshahr, a view that is reinforced from the Roman side by a remark found in Ammianus Marcellinus.

Qaladiza

Qaladiza or Qeladizê is a town of 140,000 inhabitants in the Kurdistan Regional Government region in Iraqi Kurdistan, north of Sulaymaniyah, near the Iranian border. Qaladiza means "Castle of Two Rivers" from the Kurdish words Qala= castle, dw= two and ze= river. In the south west of the town there is a small hill between two rivers. It is surrounded by mountains like many parts of Kurdistan]. The town is located in a middle of "Peshdar". The whole town was devastated during the Iraq and Iran War and all residents were relocated to Bazian and other parts of Iraqi Kurdistan, but most of them in Bazzian, a small town located west of Sulaminia. The people of Qalaze stayed there until the Kurdish uprising against Saddam Hussein's regime in 1991. Then they came back to their land. The town has continued to expand. A branch of the Sulaimania University was established there in 1974, but Iraqi government attacked it in April 24, 1974.
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