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Port Johnston Coal Docks

The Port Johnston Coal Docks were built on the Kill van Kull at Constable Hook in Bayonne, New Jersey in 1864 by the Central Railroad of New Jersey. The 2,750-foot coal dock was named after the company's president John Taylor Johnston. (The former Johnston Yard and today's Johnston Avenue also bear his name). At the time of its completion in 1866, it was the largest coal dock in the world and employed 200 men, mostly Irish immigrants. Their job was to empty coal from railroad cars onto barges for shipment across Upper New York Bay to New York. On July 26, 1877, the first full scale strike occurred in Bayonne at the Port Johnston Coal Docks when workers walked off the job. The Lehigh and Wilkesbarre Coal Company, who had bought the coal docks from the Central Railroad of New Jersey in 1876, had cut the wages of the workers in an effort to save money. The Lehigh and Wilkesbarre Coal Company promptly fired all of the workers and brought in German immigrants from New York City to work. A threat of a riot was averted with the intervention of Bayonne Mayor Henry Meigs, Jr. and Father Thomas Killeen of St. Mary's Church. After working a day at the lower wages, the German immigrants decided it was not worthwhile and quit. By early August, Meigs had worked out a solution with the company that ended the strike peacefully. Port Johnston was the site of a prisoner-of-war camp for Italian soldiers during WW2. The tank farms and marine transfer operations around Port Johnston have been operated by Gordon Termina Service since 1966.

CRRNJ Newark Bay Bridge

The Newark Bay Bridge of the Central Railroad of New Jersey was a four-track railroad bridge that had four main lift spans. It opened in 1926, replacing an outdated two track bascule span built in 1901, that in turn had replaced a wooden draw bridge that originally opened on July 29, 1864. The bridge served the main line of the CNJ, carrying daily interstate trains as well as commuter trains. The bridge connected Elizabethport and Bayonne at the southern end of Newark Bay. The designer of this bridge was J. A. L. Waddell. The lift spans were a pair of two-track spans over two separate shipping channels; the longer span being 299 feet long, while the shorter span was 210.75 feet, giving a navigable width of 216 feet and 134 feet respectively. Vertical clearance was 135 feet open and 35 feet closed. Each span was capable of independent movement, as well as any combination of tandem movements. Bridge movement, interlocking and signals were controlled from a large manned structure on the operational midpoint, between the east and west drawspans and above the tracks. Despite the operational flexibility and safeguards built into the bridge, increase in marine traffic and ship size only made the bridge a greater, rather than lesser, maritime hazard. At the same time, however, decline in rail traffic did not make it any less of a hazard to the railroad. On September 15, 1958, a commuter train plunged off the south span which had been opened for marine traffic, killing 48 people, including former New York Yankees second baseman Snuffy Stirnweiss. On May 19, 1966, the French freighter S.S. Washington collided with the northeast lift span, rendering two tracks unusable; despite an eventual 2nd Circuit judgment in the CNJs favor, the span was never repaired, as the two affected tracks were deemed redundant by the railroad due to the sharp decline in rail traffic and the momentous change in the railroads operations which occurred less than a year after the accident. After the Aldene Plan went into effect in May 1967 the only passenger service on the bridge was the Bayonne-Cranford shuttle, known as the "Scoot". The last freight train crossed the bridge in 1976 prior to the formation of Conrail; the last passenger train left Bayonnes Eighth Street Station on August 6, 1978. Despite Bayonnes efforts to save the bridge, demolition of the central lift spans began in July 1980 after the United States Coast Guard declared the structure a navigational hazard to ships. The trestle and approaches were removed in 1987-1988 when it became apparent that a replacement span was no longer feasible. Removal of the piers began in 2012.

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