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U.S. Space & Rocket Center

The U.S. Space & Rocket Center in Huntsville, Alabama is a museum operated by the government of Alabama, showcasing rockets, achievements, and artifacts of the U.S. space program. Sometimes billed as "Earth's largest space museum", astronaut Owen Garriott described the place as, "a great way to learn about space in a town that has embraced the space program from the very beginning."Opened in 1970, just after the second manned mission to the lunar surface, the center not only showcases Apollo Program hardware but also houses interactive science exhibits, Space Shuttle and Army rocketry and aircraft. With more than 1,500 permanent rocketry and space exploration artifacts, as well as many rotating rocketry and space-related exhibits, the center occupies land carved out of Redstone Arsenal adjacent to Huntsville Botanical Garden at exit 15 on Interstate 565. The center offers bus tours of nearby Marshall Space Flight Center.Two camp programs offer visitors the opportunity to stay on the grounds and learn more about their respective subject matter. U.S. Space Camp gives an in-depth exposure to the space program through participant use of simulators, lectures, and training exercises. Similarly, Aviation Challenge offers a taste of military fighter pilot training including simulations, lectures, and survival exercises. Both camps provide residential and day camp educational programs for children and adults. The U.S. Space & Rocket Center has one of the most extensive collections of space artifacts and displays more than 1500 pieces. Displays include rockets, engines, spacecraft, simulators, and hands-on exhibits.The Space & Rocket Center introduces visitors to U.S. rocketry efforts from its predecessor at Peenemünde with the German V-1 flying bomb, through a progression of U.S. military rockets up to the Saturn rocket family civilian rockets, and on to the Space Shuttle. The Saturn V Dynamic Test Vehicle, the only Saturn V of the three on display to have been brought together outside a museum, is displayed overhead in a new building designed specifically for the rocket. The Space Shuttle Pathfinder was the first Space Shuttle — a mockup made of steel and wood to test facilities for handling the vehicle — and it now sits atop an external tank with solid rocket boosters attached. The center showcases significant military rockets, including representatives of the Project Nike series, which formed the first ballistic missile defense, MIM-23 Hawk surface-to-air missile, Hermes, an early surface-to-surface missile, MGR-1 Honest John and Corporal nuclear missiles and Patriot, first used in the Gulf War of 1991. The rocketry collection includes numerous engines, as well. In addition to the authentic engines mounted on rockets on display, the museum has unmounted engines on display, including two F-1s, the type of gigantic engine that produced 1,500,000 pounds-force (6,700,000 N) to push Saturn Vs off the launch pad, J-2 engine that powered second and third stages of the Saturn V, and both Descent and Ascent Propulsion System (DPS/APS) engines for the Lunar Module. Engines from the V-2 engine to NERVA to the Space Shuttle Main Engine are on display as well.The Apollo program gets full coverage in the Davidson Center for Space Exploration with artifacts outlining Apollo missions. Astronauts crossed the service structure's red walkway to the White Room, both on display, and climbed in the Command Module atop a Saturn V which was their cabin for the trip to the moon and back. Apollo 16's command module is on display. The Saturn V Instrument Unit controlled five F-1 engines in the first stage of the rocket as it lifted off the pad. Several exhibits relate the complexity and magnitude of that phase of the journey. They took a Lunar Module (mockup on display) to the lunar surface where they collected moon rocks such as the Apollo 12 specimen at the museum. Later moon trips took a Lunar Rover (displayed beside the LM). The first few moon trips ended at a Mobile Quarantine Facility (Apollo 12's is on display) where astronauts stayed to ensure containment of any moon bugs after that mission. A restored engineering mock-up of Skylab is also on display, showing the Apollo project's post-lunar efforts.Various simulators help visitors understand the spaceflight experience. Space Shot lets the rider experience launch-like 4 gs and 2–3 seconds of weightlessness. G-Force Accelerator offers 3 gs of acceleration for an extended period by means of a centrifuge. Several other simulators entertain and educate visitors.Other exhibits offer a hands-on understanding of concepts related to rocketry or space travel. A bell jar demonstrates the reason for using a rocket instead of a propeller in the vacuum of space. A wind tunnel offers visitors the opportunity to manipulate a model to see how forces change with its orientation, and The Mind of Saturn exhibit demonstrates gyroscopic force (necessary for rocket navigation). An Apollo trainer offers visitors the opportunity to climb in. Some simulators on exhibit were used for astronaut training. A Project Mercury simulator shows the cramped conditions endured by the first Americans in space. A Gemini simulator shows visitors the accommodations when two people flew together to space for the first U.S. missions involving extra-vehicular activities and space rendezvous.Exhibits also cover the future of space flight. Two Orion CEV exhibits show the next NASA spacecraft, and a Bigelow Aerospace commercial habitat model details a space tourism effort.There are two play areas: the outdoor one offers a miniature (and slower) Space Shot ride along with slides and tunnels, all under a canopy; the indoor one offers play about a trip to Mars with a space ship and some cartoon "aliens".The U.S. Space & Rocket Center is also the resting place of Miss Baker, a squirrel monkey which flew on a suborbital test flight of the PGM-19 Jupiter rocket on May 28, 1959. Baker lived in a facility at the Center from 1971 until she died of kidney failure in November 1984. The Space & Rocket Center offers bus tours of Marshall Space Flight Center. The tour offers views of all four National Historic Landmarks at the center including a stop at the landmark Redstone Test Stand, where Alan Shepard's Redstone Rocket was tested prior to launch. Another scheduled stop is the Payload Operations and Integration Center, which serves as mission control for a number of experiments. Bus tours originally started July 4, 1972, but were suspended following the September 11 attacks in 2001. Tours resumed July 20, 2012, the 43rd anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing, limited to United States citizens because of security protocol at the Army installation, Redstone Arsenal, which contains Marshall Space Flight Center.

Huntsville Botanical Garden

The Huntsville Botanical Garden is a 112 acres botanical garden located at 4747 Bob Wallace Avenue, Huntsville, Alabama, near the U.S. Space Rocket Center. It is open year-round for a fee. The garden is fifth on the list of Alabamas top paid tourist attractions, receiving 307,985 visitors in 2008. The gardens include a seasonal butterfly house, and aquatic, annual, daylily, fern, herb, perennial, rose, and wildflower gardens, as well as a nature path and collection of Flowering Dogwood trees. Specific sections of the garden are as follows: Nature center overlooks Little Smith Lake, houses the open-aired butterfly house, open May through September Biblical garden, featuring plants mentioned in the Bible Central Corridor with perennial garden, aquatic garden, and bulb and annual garden. Daylily Garden over 675 cultivars of daylilies. Dogwood Trail numerous Flowering Dogwood trees, including a hundred year old dogwood transplanted to the site, along a forest path. Fern Glade almost 170 species of ferns, including Christmas Fern, Northern Maidenhair Fern, Southern Maidenhair Fern, Sensitive Fern, Royal Fern, and Cinnamon Fern . Herb Garden 14 theme gardens and a cottage. Nature Trail paths through an indigenous southeastern lowland forest, with Black Tupelo, Red Maple, Sycamore, and Sweetgum trees, and undergrowth including Sweet William, Wild Columbine, Foamflower, Scarlet Sage, Bellflower, and Black-eyed Susan . Vegetable Garden four model gardens for the home gardener.

Huntsville-Madison County Public Library

The Huntsville-Madison County Public Library is a public, Carnegie library in Huntsville, Alabama. Founded in 1818, when Alabama was still a part of the Mississippi Territory, it is the oldest continuing library in the state. It was first located in the office of attorney John Nelson Spotswood Jones, in the Boardman Building, which is now a part of Constitution Hall Park. The Library also occupied space in the Green Academy from 1821 until Union soldiers burned the school during the Civil War, and moved to borrowed spaces several times until the Carnegie Library was opened in 1916. A new building was constructed to accommodate city and county growth, and opened in 1966. The area enjoyed rapid growth with the influx of government employees involved in the development of the space program, including the United States Army and NASA, and the library eventually needed more space as early as 1969. Library officials began planning for a new building in 1983. The current facilitys main branch, sometimes referred to as "Fort Book" for its fortress-like appearance, opened on Monroe Street in April 1987 and serves as the headquarters for the Huntsville Madison County Public Library System. The building contains 123,000 square feet, has a seating capacity of 930 and contains over 530,000 volumes, with administrative offices located on the third floor. The library had a circulation of 1,915,548 in 2007, making it the highest-circulating library in Alabama. The Huntsville-Madison County Public Library received a federal grant from the Library Services and Technology Act in 2004 specifically to digitize photographs from the Librarys Archives for inclusion in the Alabama Mosaic Project.

Oakwood University

Oakwood University is a private, historically black university located in Huntsville, Alabama, United States. It is owned and operated by the Seventh-day Adventist Church. A group of College constituents made the decision on December 2, 2007, to change the schools name from Oakwood College to Oakwood University. Oakwood University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools and the Department of Education of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists to award the associate, baccalaureate, and masters degrees. The first masters degree offered by the University was the Master of Pastoral Studies Degree . The first graduate students were conferred degrees on May 9, 2009. Oakwood also conferred its first honorary doctorate on May 9, 2009, to alumnus Wintley Phipps, internationally renowned musician and the 2009 Commencement speaker. Oakwood University has been a member institution of the United Negro College Fund since 1964. The University has performed well in external rankings, having listed among the Best Baccalaureate Colleges in the Southern Region and #28 on the list of Best Historically Black Colleges and Universities by the U.S. News World Report, tied with Alabama AM University and the University of Maryland Eastern Shore. The University is also listed on a regular basis among the top 20 institutions of higher learning that provide African-Americans to medical schools. Oakwood University owns and operates the Christian radio station WJOU 90.1 FM, formerly WOCG.

Milton Frank Stadium

Milton Frank Stadium is a 12,000-seat multi-purpose stadium in Huntsville, Alabama. It was used for Alabama AM football games before the creation of Louis Crews Stadium. It is currently used mainly for Huntsville City Schools high school and middle school football and soccer games. Construction began in 1949 and the stadium was opened in 1962 as Huntsville Stadium. It was soon renamed Milton Frank Stadium in honor of the long-time football coach at Huntsville High School. In the 1990s, the grass field was replaced with artificial turf and a new track replaced the original asphalt track. Milton Frank Stadium was the home the Alabama Hawks of the Continental Football League during the teams two years of existence in 1968-1969. Since 2008, the stadium has been the home field for the Tennessee Valley Tigers, a womens American football team currently in the Womens Spring Football League. John Stanley Welzyn was the public address announcer during high school games at the stadium from 1964 until retiring in 1996. During his tenure, Welzyn also announced Alabama Hawks pro football and Alabama AM Bulldogs college football games. Welzyn died in 1999 at the age of 66. Special Olympics competitions for the Madison County, Alabama, area are held each year at the stadium. In November 2011, the Huntsville City Schools announced that a contract valued at $1.6 million was signed with Goldmon Matheny Architects to renovate the stadium. Upgrades will include new stadium entrances, new fences, new gates, new scoreboards, plus the demolition of the existing restrooms and locker rooms under both grandstands then construction of new locker rooms, restrooms, and concession areas to replace them.

Yarbrough Hotel

The Yarbrough Hotel is a historic building in Huntsville, Alabama. The four-story structure was built of brick and reinforced concrete in 1922-25. The top three floors contain 75 rooms, while the ground floor features the hotel lobby and storefronts; as it did not have a ballroom or party rooms, it catered to businessmen. It faced competition from the Twickenham Hotel one block away, and the Russel Erskine Hotel . Yarbrough operated as a residential hotel until the late 1950s, and was renovated in the 1980s. The building stretches 70 feet along Washington Street and 152 feet on Holmes Avenue. The ground floor is separated from the upper floors by two string courses of stone. Flat brick pilasters divide the façade into bays. Double brackets at the top of each pilaster support a deep pressed metal cornice, with a row of dentils below. Windows on the upper floors are one-over-one sashes, each topped with a row of soldier course brick with a stone block at each corner. Each bay is two windows wide, except for the two end bays on the Holmes side, which are one window wide. The lobby entrance is on the Holmes side, which is covered by an elaborate metal awning. Several storefronts line the Holmes façade at irregular intervals. The Washington Street side is divided into three bays, each with an identical recessed door flanked by large display windows. Shallow awnings stretch across each opening, under a block of small window panes. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

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